A Prospective Study of the Impact of Severe Childhood Deprivation on Brain White Matter in Adult Adoptees: Widespread Localized Reductions in Volume But Unaffected Microstructural Organization.

Autor:	Mackes NK; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom edmund.sonuga-barke@kcl.ac.uk nuria.mackes@kcl.ac.uk., Mehta MA; Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom., Beyh A; Department of Forensic & Neurodevelopmental Sciences. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom., Nkrumah RO; Department of Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim J5 68159, Germany., Golm D; Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1PS, United Kingdom., Sarkar S; Cognitive Neuroscience & Neuropsychiatry, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom., Fairchild G; Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom., Dell'Acqua F; Department of Forensic & Neurodevelopmental Sciences. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom., Sonuga-Barke EJS; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom edmund.sonuga-barke@kcl.ac.uk nuria.mackes@kcl.ac.uk.; Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	ENeuro [eNeuro] 2022 Nov 14; Vol. 9 (6). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 14 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.1523/ENEURO.0188-22.2022
Abstrakt:	Early childhood neglect can impact brain development across the lifespan. Using voxel-based approaches we recently reported that severe and time-limited institutional deprivation in early childhood was linked to substantial reductions in total brain volume in adulthood, >20 years later. Here, we extend this analysis to explore deprivation-related regional white matter volume and microstructural organization using diffusion-based techniques. A combination of tensor-based morphometry (TBM) analysis and tractography was conducted on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data from 59 young adults who spent between 3 and 41 months in the severely depriving Romanian institutions of the 1980s before being adopted into United Kingdom families, and 20 nondeprived age-matched United Kingdom controls. Independent of total volume, institutional deprivation was associated with smaller volumes in localized regions across a range of white matter tracts including (1) long-ranging association fibers such as bilateral inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), left superior longitudinal fasciculi (SLFs), and left arcuate fasciculus; (2) tracts of the limbic circuitry including fornix and cingulum; and (3) projection fibers with the corticospinal tract particularly affected. Tractographic analysis found no evidence of altered microstructural organization of any tract in terms of hindrance modulated orientational anisotropy (HMOA), fractional anisotropy (FA), or mean diffusivity (MD). We provide further evidence for the effects of early neglect on brain development and their persistence in adulthood despite many years of environmental enrichment associated with successful adoption. Localized white matter effects appear limited to volumetric changes with microstructural organization unaffected. (Copyright © 2022 Mackes et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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