Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factors and Endothelial Function: A Systematic Review.

Autor:	Nappi F; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France., Fiore A; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 94000 Creteil, France., Masiglat J; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 94000 Creteil, France., Cavuoti T; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France., Romandini M; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France., Nappi P; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy., Avtaar Singh SS; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK., Couetil JP; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Biomedicines [Biomedicines] 2022 Nov 10; Vol. 10 (11). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 10.
DOI:	10.3390/biomedicines10112884
Abstrakt:	Background: The endothelium plays a pivotal role in homeostatic mechanisms. It specifically modulates vascular tone by releasing vasodilatory mediators, which act on the vascular smooth muscle. Large amounts of work have been dedicated towards identifying mediators of vasodilation and vasoconstriction alongside the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species on the endothelium. We conducted a systematic review to study the role of the factors released by the endothelium and the effects on the vessels alongside its role in atherosclerosis. Methods: A search was conducted with appropriate search terms. Specific attention was offered to the effects of emerging modulators of endothelial functions focusing the analysis on studies that investigated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), perivascular adipose tissue, shear stress, AMP-activated protein kinase, potassium channels, bone morphogenic protein 4, and P2Y2 receptor. Results: 530 citations were reviewed, with 35 studies included in the final systematic review. The endpoints were evaluated in these studies which offered an extensive discussion on emerging modulators of endothelial functions. Specific factors such as reactive oxygen species had deleterious effects, especially in the obese and elderly. Another important finding included the shear stress-induced endothelial nitric oxide (NO), which may delay development of atherosclerosis. Perivascular Adipose Tissue (PVAT) also contributes to reparative measures against atherosclerosis, although this may turn pathological in obese subjects. Some of these factors may be targets for pharmaceutical agents in the near future. Conclusion: The complex role and function of the endothelium is vital for regular homeostasis. Dysregulation may drive atherogenesis; thus, efforts should be placed at considering therapeutic options by targeting some of the factors noted.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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