Neural correlates of eye contact and social function in autism spectrum disorder.

Autor: Hirsch J; Brain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America.; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America.; Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America.; Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America.; Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom.; Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States of America., Zhang X; Brain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America., Noah JA; Brain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America., Dravida S; Brain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America.; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America., Naples A; Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, United States of America., Tiede M; Brain Function Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America.; Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States of America., Wolf JM; Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, United States of America., McPartland JC; Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2022 Nov 09; Vol. 17 (11), pp. e0265798. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 09 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265798
Abstrakt: Reluctance to make eye contact during natural interactions is a central diagnostic criterion for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the underlying neural correlates for eye contacts in ASD are unknown, and diagnostic biomarkers are active areas of investigation. Here, neuroimaging, eye-tracking, and pupillometry data were acquired simultaneously using two-person functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during live "in-person" eye-to-eye contact and eye-gaze at a video face for typically-developed (TD) and participants with ASD to identify the neural correlates of live eye-to-eye contact in both groups. Comparisons between ASD and TD showed decreased right dorsal-parietal activity and increased right ventral temporal-parietal activity for ASD during live eye-to-eye contact (p≤0.05, FDR-corrected) and reduced cross-brain coherence consistent with atypical neural systems for live eye contact. Hypoactivity of right dorsal-parietal regions during eye contact in ASD was further associated with gold standard measures of social performance by the correlation of neural responses and individual measures of: ADOS-2, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd Edition (r = -0.76, -0.92 and -0.77); and SRS-2, Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition (r = -0.58). The findings indicate that as categorized social ability decreases, neural responses to real eye-contact in the right dorsal parietal region also decrease consistent with a neural correlate for social characteristics in ASD.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2022 Hirsch et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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