Morphospecies and molecular diversity of 'lace corals': the genus Reteporella (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida) in the central North Atlantic Azores Archipelago.

Autor: Baptista L; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, CIBIO, InBIO Laboratório Associado, 9501-801, Pólo dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal. laracbaptista@hotmail.com.; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal. laracbaptista@hotmail.com.; MPB-Marine Palaeontology and Biogeography Lab, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal. laracbaptista@hotmail.com.; Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal. laracbaptista@hotmail.com.; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, Vienna, Austria. laracbaptista@hotmail.com., Berning B; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, CIBIO, InBIO Laboratório Associado, 9501-801, Pólo dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal.; MPB-Marine Palaeontology and Biogeography Lab, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal.; Oberösterreichische Landes-Kultur GmbH, Geowissenschaftliche Sammlungen, 4060, Leonding, Austria., Curto M; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, Vienna, Austria.; MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal., Waeschenbach A; Natural History Museum, London, UK., Meimberg H; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, Vienna, Austria., Santos AM; Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, CIBIO, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal., Ávila SP; Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, CIBIO, InBIO Laboratório Associado, 9501-801, Pólo dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal.; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.; MPB-Marine Palaeontology and Biogeography Lab, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal.; Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC ecology and evolution [BMC Ecol Evol] 2022 Nov 04; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 128. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 04.
DOI: 10.1186/s12862-022-02080-z
Abstrakt: Background: As in most bryozoans, taxonomy and systematics of species in the genus Reteporella Busk, 1884 (family Phidoloporidae) has hitherto almost exclusively been based on morphological characters. From the central North Atlantic Azores Archipelago, nine Reteporella species have historically been reported, none of which have as yet been revised. Aiming to characterise the diversity and biogeographic distribution of Azorean Reteporella species, phylogenetic reconstructions were conducted on a dataset of 103 Azorean Reteporella specimens, based on the markers cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1, small and large ribosomal RNA subunits. Morphological identification was based on scanning electron microscopy and complemented the molecular inferences.
Results: Our results reveal two genetically distinct Azorean Reteporella clades, paraphyletic to eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean taxa. Moreover, an overall concordance between morphological and molecular species can be shown, and the actual bryozoan diversity in the Azores is greater than previously acknowledged as the dataset comprises three historically reported species and four putative new taxa, all of which are likely to be endemic. The inclusion of Mediterranean Reteporella specimens also revealed new species in the Adriatic and Ligurian Sea, whilst the inclusion of additional phidoloporid taxa hints at the non-monophyly of the genus Reteporella.
Conclusion: Being the first detailed genetic study on the genus Reteporella, the high divergence levels inferred within the genus Reteporella and family Phidoloporidae calls for the need of further revision. Nevertheless, the overall concordance between morphospecies and COI data suggest the potential adequacy of a 3% cut-off to distinguish Reteporella species. The discovery of new species in the remote Azores Archipelago as well as in the well-studied Mediterranean Sea indicates a general underestimation of bryozoan diversity. This study constitutes yet another example of the importance of integrative taxonomical approaches on understudied taxa, contributing to cataloguing genetic and morphological diversity.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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