High resolution ancient sedimentary DNA shows that alpine plant diversity is associated with human land use and climate change.

Autor: Garcés-Pastor S; The Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway. sandra.garces-pastor@uit.no., Coissac E; Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, 38000, Grenoble, Rhône-Alpes, France., Lavergne S; Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, 38000, Grenoble, Rhône-Alpes, France., Schwörer C; Palaeoecology, Institute of Plant Sciences & Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3013, Bern, Switzerland., Theurillat JP; Fondation Aubert, 1938 Champex-Lac, Switzerland, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Geneva, 1292, Chambésy, Switzerland., Heintzman PD; The Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway., Wangensteen OS; Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBIO), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain., Tinner W; Palaeoecology, Institute of Plant Sciences & Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3013, Bern, Switzerland., Rey F; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland., Heer M; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland., Rutzer A; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland., Walsh K; Department of Archaeology, University of York, York, 11 YO1 7EP, UK., Lammers Y; The Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway., Brown AG; The Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway., Goslar T; Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-680, Poznań, Poland., Rijal DP; The Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway., Karger DN; Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research (WSL), Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland., Pellissier L; Department of Environmental System Science, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland., Heiri O; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland., Alsos IG; The Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature communications [Nat Commun] 2022 Nov 04; Vol. 13 (1), pp. 6559. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 04.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34010-4
Abstrakt: The European Alps are highly rich in species, but their future may be threatened by ongoing changes in human land use and climate. Here, we reconstructed vegetation, temperature, human impact and livestock over the past ~12,000 years from Lake Sulsseewli, based on sedimentary ancient plant and mammal DNA, pollen, spores, chironomids, and microcharcoal. We assembled a highly-complete local DNA reference library (PhyloAlps, 3923 plant taxa), and used this to obtain an exceptionally rich sedaDNA record of 366 plant taxa. Vegetation mainly responded to climate during the early Holocene, while human activity had an additional influence on vegetation from 6 ka onwards. Land-use shifted from episodic grazing during the Neolithic and Bronze Age to agropastoralism in the Middle Ages. Associated human deforestation allowed the coexistence of plant species typically found at different elevational belts, leading to levels of plant richness that characterise the current high diversity of this region. Our findings indicate a positive association between low intensity agropastoral activities and precipitation with the maintenance of the unique subalpine and alpine plant diversity of the European Alps.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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