Role of the ghrelin system in alcohol use disorder and alcohol-associated liver disease: A narrative review.

Autor: Kharbanda KK; Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA., Farokhnia M; Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore and Bethesda, Maryland, USA.; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Deschaine SL; Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore and Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Bhargava R; PsychoNeuroEndocrinology Research Group, Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK., Rodriguez-Flores M; PsychoNeuroEndocrinology Research Group, Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK., Casey CA; Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA., Goldstone AP; PsychoNeuroEndocrinology Research Group, Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK., Jerlhag E; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden., Leggio L; Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore and Bethesda, Maryland, USA.; Medication Development Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.; Division of Addiction Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA., Rasineni K; Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research [Alcohol Clin Exp Res] 2022 Dec; Vol. 46 (12), pp. 2149-2159. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 16.
DOI: 10.1111/acer.14967
Abstrakt: Unhealthy alcohol consumption is a global health problem. Adverse individual, public health, and socioeconomic consequences are attributable to harmful alcohol use. Epidemiological studies have shown that alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) are the top two pathologies among alcohol-related diseases. Consistent with the major role that the liver plays in alcohol metabolism, uncontrolled drinking may cause significant damage to the liver. This damage is initiated by excessive fat accumulation in the liver, which can further progress to advanced liver disease. The only effective therapeutic strategies currently available for ALD are alcohol abstinence or liver transplantation. Any molecule with dual-pronged effects at the central and peripheral organs controlling addictive behaviors and associated metabolic pathways are a potentially important therapeutic target for treating AUD and ALD. Ghrelin, a hormone primarily derived from the stomach, has such properties, and regulates both behavioral and metabolic functions. In this review, we highlight recent advances in understanding the peripheral and central functions of the ghrelin system and its role in AUD and ALD pathogenesis. We first discuss the correlation between blood ghrelin concentrations and alcohol use or abstinence. Next, we discuss the role of ghrelin in alcohol-seeking behaviors and finally its role in the development of fatty liver by metabolic regulations and organ crosstalk. We propose that a better understanding of the ghrelin system could open an innovative avenue for improved treatments for AUD and associated medical consequences, including ALD.
(© 2022 Research Society on Alcoholism.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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