Contrast enhanced sonothrombolysis using streptokinase loaded phase change nano-droplets for potential treatment of deep venous thrombosis.

Autor:	Masood U; Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan sabbas@asab.nust.edu.pk., Riaz R; Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan sabbas@asab.nust.edu.pk., Shah SU; Department of Cardiology, Shifa International Hospitals Ltd. Islamabad Pakistan., Majeed AI; Department of Radiology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad Pakistan., Abbas SR; Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan sabbas@asab.nust.edu.pk.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	RSC advances [RSC Adv] 2022 Sep 20; Vol. 12 (41), pp. 26665-26672. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 20 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.1039/d2ra04467f
Abstrakt:	Current thrombolytic therapies for deep venous thrombosis are limited due to the wide side effect profile. Contrast mediated sonothrombolysis is a promising approach for thrombus treatment. The current study examines the effectiveness of in vitro streptokinase (SK) loaded phase-change nanodroplet (PCND) mediated sonothrombolysis at 7 MHz for the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis. Lecithin shell and perfluorohexane core nanodroplets were prepared via the thin-film hydration method and morphologically characterized. Sonothrombolysis was performed at 7 MHz at different mechanical indexes of samples i.e. , only sonothrombolysis, PCND mediated sonothrombolysis, sonothrombolysis with SK and SK loaded PCND mediated sonothrombolysis. Thrombolysis efficacy was assessed by measuring clot weight changes during 30 min US exposure, recording the mean gray intensity from the US images of the clot by computer software ImageJ, and spectrophotometric quantification of the hemoglobin in the clot lysate. In 15 minutes of sonothrombolysis performed at high mechanical index (0.9 and 1.2), SK loaded PCNDs showed a 48.61% and 74.29% reduction of mean gray intensity. At 0.9 and 1.2 MI, 86% and 92% weight loss was noted for SK-loaded PCNDs in confidence with spectrophotometric results. A significant difference ( P < 0.05) was noted for SK-loaded PCND mediated sonothrombolysis compared to other groups. Loading of SK inside the PCNDs enhanced the efficacy of sonothrombolysis. An increase in MI and time also increased the efficacy of sonothrombolysis. This in vitro study showed the potential use of SK-loaded perfluorohexane core PCNDs as sonothrombolytic agents for deep venous thrombosis. Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare. (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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