Novel use of a virtual driving assessment to classify driver skill at the time of licensure.

Autor: Walshe EA; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Elliott MR; University of Michigan School of Public Health, MI, USA., Romer D; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Cheng S; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Curry AE; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Seacrist T; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Oppenheimer N; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Wyner AJ; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Grethlein D; Diagnostic Driving, Inc., Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Computer Science Department, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Gonzalez AK; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Winston FK; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Transportation research. Part F, Traffic psychology and behaviour [Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav] 2022 May; Vol. 87, pp. 313-326. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 29.
DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2022.04.009
Abstrakt: Motor vehicle crash rates are highest immediately after licensure, and driver error is one of the leading causes. Yet, few studies have quantified driving skills at the time of licensure, making it difficult to identify at-risk drivers before independent driving. Using data from a virtual driving assessment implemented into the licensing workflow in Ohio, this study presents the first population-level study classifying degree of skill at the time of licensure and validating these against a measure of on-road performance: license exam outcomes. Principal component and cluster analysis of 33,249 virtual driving assessments identified 20 Skill Clusters that were then grouped into 4 major summary "Driving Classes"; i ) No Issues (i.e. careful and skilled drivers) ; ii) Minor Issues (i.e. an average new driver with minor vehicle control skill deficits) ; iii) Major Issues (i.e. drivers with more control issues and who take more risks); and iv) Major Issues with Aggression ( i.e. drivers with even more control issues and more reckless and risk-taking behavior). Category labels were determined based on patterns of VDA skill deficits alone (i.e. agnostic of the license examination outcome). These Skill Clusters and Driving Classes had different distributions by sex and age, reflecting age-related licensing policies (i.e. those under 18 and subject to GDL and driver education and training), and were differentially associated with subsequent performance on the on-road licensing examination (showing criterion validity). The No Issues and Minor Issues classes had lower than average odds of failing, and the other two more problematic Driving Classes had higher odds of failing. Thus, this study showed that license applicants can be classified based on their driving skills at the time of licensure. Future studies will validate these Skill Cluster classes in relation to their prediction of post-licensure crash outcomes.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Author Winston and David Grethlein have an intellectual property and financial interest in Diagnostic Driving, Inc. The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) has an institutional financial interest in Diagnostic Driving, Inc. Diagnostic Driving, Inc., created a virtual driving assessment system that is used in Ohio as an assessment at licensing centers and in driving schools to assess driver skills. Winston serves as the chief scientific advisor of Diagnostic Driving, Inc. This potential conflict of interest is managed under a conflict-of-interest management plan from CHOP and the University of Pennsylvania whereby Winston has no interaction with participants (all field data collection procedures were carried out by Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles personnel) and all analyses were reviewed and approved by outside consultants with no intellectual or financial interest (John Bolte, a traffic injury researcher at the Ohio State University, and Nancy Kassam-Adams, a behavioral researcher at CHOP and the University of Pennsylvania). Author Grethlein works as a Data Scientist at Diagnostic Driving Inc. His conflict is managed in the same manor as Dr. Winston: Grethlein has no interaction with participants and was not directly involved in the analysis of this paper, which has been reviewed and approved by outside consultants with no intellectual or financial interest (named above).
Databáze: MEDLINE
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