Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell's exosomes as key nanoparticles in osteogenesis and bone regeneration: specific capacity based on cell type.

Autor: Gholami Farashah MS; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Javadi M; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Mohammadi A; Stem cell and regenerative medicine research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Soleimani Rad J; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Shakouri SK; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Roshangar L; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. lroshangar@yahoo.com.; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. lroshangar@yahoo.com.; Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. lroshangar@yahoo.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Molecular biology reports [Mol Biol Rep] 2022 Dec; Vol. 49 (12), pp. 12203-12218. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 12.
DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07807-1
Abstrakt: Today, communities and their health systems are facing with several challenges associated with the population ageing. Growing number of bone disorders is one of the most serious consequences of aging. According to the reports bone disorders won't just affect the elderly population. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that could be derived from a variety of tissues including bone marrow, Wharton's Jelly, adipose tissue, and others. MSCs have been utilized in different researches in the field of regenerative medicine because of their immunosuppression and anti-inflammatory mechanisms (like: inhibiting the activity of antigen presenting cells, and suppressing the activity of T lymphocyte cells, macrophages, and so on.), migration to injured areas, and participation in healing processes. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) are a type of these cells which can be commonly used in bone research with the promising results. These cells function by releasing a large number of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Exosomes are the most major EVs products produced by BMMSCs. They have the same contents and properties as their parent cells; however, these structures don't have the defects of cell therapy. Proteins (annexins, tetraspannins, etc.), lipids (cholesterol, phosphoglycerides, etc.), nucleic acids (micro-RNAs, and etc.) and other substances are found in exosomes. Exosomes affect target cells, causing them to change their function. The features of BMMSC exosomes' mechanism in osteogenesis and bone regeneration (like: effects on other MSCs, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and angiogenesis) and also the effects of their micro-RNAs on osteogenesis are the subject of the present review.
(© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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