A function-based typology for Earth's ecosystems.

Autor: Keith DA; Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. david.keith@unsw.edu.au.; New South Wales Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, Hurstville, New South Wales, Australia. david.keith@unsw.edu.au.; IUCN Commission on Ecosystem Management, Gland, Switzerland. david.keith@unsw.edu.au., Ferrer-Paris JR; Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.; IUCN Commission on Ecosystem Management, Gland, Switzerland., Nicholson E; IUCN Commission on Ecosystem Management, Gland, Switzerland.; Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia., Bishop MJ; Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Polidoro BA; School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, AZ, USA., Ramirez-Llodra E; Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway.; REV Ocean, Lysaker, Norway., Tozer MG; Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.; New South Wales Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, Hurstville, New South Wales, Australia., Nel JL; Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.; Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands., Mac Nally R; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Gregr EJ; Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; SciTech Environmental Consulting, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Watermeyer KE; Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia., Essl F; BioInvasions, Global Change, Macroecology-Group, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa., Faber-Langendoen D; NatureServe, Arlington, VA, USA., Franklin J; University of California, Riverside, CA, USA., Lehmann CER; Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.; School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Etter A; Departamento de Ecología y Territorio, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia., Roux DJ; Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.; Scientific Services, South African National Parks, George, South Africa., Stark JS; Australian Antarctic Division, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Rowland JA; IUCN Commission on Ecosystem Management, Gland, Switzerland.; Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia., Brummitt NA; Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK., Fernandez-Arcaya UC; Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Palma, Spain., Suthers IM; Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Wiser SK; Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand., Donohue I; Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Jackson LJ; University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada., Pennington RT; Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.; College of Life and Environmental Sciences Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK., Iliffe TM; Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University, Galveston, TX, USA., Gerovasileiou V; Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Heraklion, Greece.; Department of Environment, Faculty of Environment, Ionian University, Zakynthos, Greece., Giller P; School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China., Robson BJ; Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia., Pettorelli N; Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK., Andrade A; IUCN Commission on Ecosystem Management, Gland, Switzerland.; Conservation International Colombia, Bogota, Colombia., Lindgaard A; Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre, Trondheim, Norway., Tahvanainen T; Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland., Terauds A; Australian Antarctic Division, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Chadwick MA; Department of Geography, King's College London, London, UK., Murray NJ; Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.; IUCN Commission on Ecosystem Management, Gland, Switzerland.; College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia., Moat J; Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, UK., Pliscoff P; Institute of Geography, Department of Ecology, Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.; Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Santiago, Chile., Zager I; Provita, Caracas, Venezuela., Kingsford RT; Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2022 Oct; Vol. 610 (7932), pp. 513-518. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 12.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05318-4
Abstrakt: As the United Nations develops a post-2020 global biodiversity framework for the Convention on Biological Diversity, attention is focusing on how new goals and targets for ecosystem conservation might serve its vision of 'living in harmony with nature' 1,2 . Advancing dual imperatives to conserve biodiversity and sustain ecosystem services requires reliable and resilient generalizations and predictions about ecosystem responses to environmental change and management 3 . Ecosystems vary in their biota 4 , service provision 5 and relative exposure to risks 6 , yet there is no globally consistent classification of ecosystems that reflects functional responses to change and management. This hampers progress on developing conservation targets and sustainability goals. Here we present the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Global Ecosystem Typology, a conceptually robust, scalable, spatially explicit approach for generalizations and predictions about functions, biota, risks and management remedies across the entire biosphere. The outcome of a major cross-disciplinary collaboration, this novel framework places all of Earth's ecosystems into a unifying theoretical context to guide the transformation of ecosystem policy and management from global to local scales. This new information infrastructure will support knowledge transfer for ecosystem-specific management and restoration, globally standardized ecosystem risk assessments, natural capital accounting and progress on the post-2020 global biodiversity framework.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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