Host-associated and Environmental Microbiomes in an Open-Sea Mediterranean Gilthead Sea Bream Fish Farm.

Autor: Quero GM; Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, National Research Council (CNR-IRBIM), Ancona, Italy. grazia.quero@irbim.cnr.it., Piredda R; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano (Bari), Italy., Basili M; Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, National Research Council (CNR-IRBIM), Ancona, Italy.; Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Maricchiolo G; Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, National Research Council (CNR-IRBIM), Messina, Italy., Mirto S; Institute of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment, National Research Council (IAS-CNR), Palermo, Italy., Manini E; Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, National Research Council (CNR-IRBIM), Ancona, Italy., Seyfarth AM; Department of Global Surveillance, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark., Candela M; Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Luna GM; Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, National Research Council (CNR-IRBIM), Ancona, Italy.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Microbial ecology [Microb Ecol] 2023 Aug; Vol. 86 (2), pp. 1319-1330. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 07.
DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02120-7
Abstrakt: Gilthead seabream is among the most important farmed fish species in the Mediterranean Sea. Several approaches are currently applied to assure a lower impact of diseases and higher productivity, including the exploration of the fish microbiome and its manipulation as a sustainable alternative to improve aquaculture practices. Here, using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing, we explored the microbiome of farmed seabream to assess similarities and differences among microbial assemblages associated to different tissues and compare them with those in the surrounding environment. Seabream had distinct associated microbiomes according to the tissue and compared to the marine environment. The gut hosted the most diverse microbiome; different sets of dominant ASVs characterized the environmental and fish samples. The similarity between fish and environmental microbiomes was higher in seawater than sediment (up to 7.8 times), and the highest similarity (3.9%) was observed between gill and seawater, suggesting that gills are more closely interacting with the environment. We finally analyzed the potential connections occurring among microbiomes. These connections were relatively low among the host's tissues and, in particular, between the gut and the others fish-related microbiomes; other tissues, including skin and gills, were found to be the most connected microbiomes. Our results suggest that, in mariculture, seabream microbiomes reflect only partially those in their surrounding environment and that the host is the primary driver shaping the seabream microbiome. These data provide a step forward to understand the role of the microbiome in farmed fish and farming environments, useful to enhance disease control, fish health, and environmental sustainability.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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