Tracing the oomycete pathogen Saprolegnia parasitica in aquaculture and the environment.

Autor: Pavić D; Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia., Grbin D; Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia., Hudina S; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia., Prosenc Zmrzljak U; Labena Ltd, BIA Separations CRO - Molecular Biology Laboratory, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia., Miljanović A; Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia., Košir R; Labena Ltd, BIA Separations CRO - Molecular Biology Laboratory, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia., Varga F; Department of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.; Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, CoE CroP-BioDiv), 10000, Zagreb, Croatia., Ćurko J; Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia., Marčić Z; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia., Bielen A; Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia. abielen@pbf.hr.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2022 Oct 05; Vol. 12 (1), pp. 16646. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 05.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16553-0
Abstrakt: Saprolegnia parasitica causes saprolegniosis, a disease responsible for significant economic losses in aquaculture and declines of fish populations in the wild, but the knowledge of its distribution and prevalence in the environment is limited. We developed a fast, sensitive and specific S. parasitica droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay and demonstrated its applicability for the detection and quantification of the pathogen in environmental samples: swab DNA collected from the host (trout skin, surface of eggs) and environmental DNA extracted from water. The developed assay was used to assess how abiotic (i.e. physico-chemical parameters of the water) and biotic (health status of the host) factors influence the S. parasitica load in the environment. The pathogen load in water samples was positively correlated with some site-specific abiotic parameters such as electrical conductivity (EC) and calcium, while fluorides were negatively correlated, suggesting that physico-chemical parameters are important for determining S. parasitica load in natural waters. Furthermore, skin swabs of injured trout had significantly higher pathogen load than swabs collected from healthy fish, confirming that S. parasitica is a widespread opportunistic pathogen. Our results provide new insights into various environmental factors that influence the distribution and abundance of S. parasitica.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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