Preterm birth and metabolic implications on later life: A narrative review focused on body composition.

Autor:	Casirati A; Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy., Somaschini A; Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Savona, Italy., Perrone M; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy., Vandoni G; Clinical Nutrition, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy., Sebastiani F; Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda USL IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy., Montagna E; Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy., Somaschini M; Unit of Neonatology, Sant'Anna Clinic, Lugano, Switzerland., Caccialanza R; Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in nutrition [Front Nutr] 2022 Sep 15; Vol. 9, pp. 978271. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 15 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fnut.2022.978271
Abstrakt:	Preterm newborn infants are characterized by low body weight and lower fat mass at birth compared with full-term newborn neonates. Conversely, at term corrected age, body fat mass is more represented in preterm newborn infants, causing a predisposition to developing metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases in later life with a different risk profile in men as compared with women. Postnatal growth is a complex change in anthropometric parameters and body composition. Both quantity and quality of growth are regulated by several factors such as fetal programming, early nutrition, and gut microbiota. Weight gain alone is not an optimal indicator of nutritional status as it does not accurately describe weight quality. The analysis of body composition represents a potentially useful tool to predict later metabolic and cardiovascular risk as it detects the quality of growth by differentiating between fat and lean mass. Longitudinal follow-up of preterm newborn infants could take advantage of body composition analysis in order to identify high-risk patients who apply early preventive strategies. This narrative review aimed to examine the state-of-the-art body composition among born preterm children, with a focus on those in the pre-school age group. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Casirati, Somaschini, Perrone, Vandoni, Sebastiani, Montagna, Somaschini and Caccialanza.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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