Tick feeding modulates the human skin immune landscape to facilitate tick-borne pathogen transmission.

Autor:	Strobl J; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria., Mündler V; Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Müller S; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Gindl A; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Berent S; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Schötta AM; Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Kleissl L; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria., Staud C; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Redl A; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria., Unterluggauer L; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Aguilar González AE; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria., Weninger ST; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Atzmüller D; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria., Klasinc R; Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Stanek G; Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Markowicz M; Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria., Stockinger H; Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Stary G; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The Journal of clinical investigation [J Clin Invest] 2022 Nov 01; Vol. 132 (21). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 01.
DOI:	10.1172/JCI161188
Abstrakt:	During cutaneous tick attachment, the feeding cavity becomes a site of transmission for tick salivary compounds and tick-borne pathogens. However, the immunological consequences of tick feeding for human skin remain unclear. Here, we assessed human skin and blood samples upon tick bite and developed a human skin explant model mimicking Ixodes ricinus bites and tick-borne pathogen infection. Following tick attachment, we observed rapidly occurring patterns of immunomodulation, including increases in neutrophils and cutaneous B and T cells. T cells upregulated tissue residency markers, while lymphocytic cytokine production was impaired. In early stages of Borrelia burgdorferi model infections, we detected strain-specific immune responses and close spatial relationships between macrophages and spirochetes. Preincubation of spirochetes with tick salivary gland extracts hampered accumulation of immune cells and increased spirochete loads. Collectively, we showed that tick feeding exerts profound changes on the skin immune network that interfere with the primary response against tick-borne pathogens.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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