GABA facilitates spike propagation through branch points of sensory axons in the spinal cord.

Autor: Hari K; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Lucas-Osma AM; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.; Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Metz K; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Lin S; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Pardell N; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Roszko DA; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Black S; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Minarik A; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Singla R; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Stephens MJ; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Pearce RA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA., Fouad K; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.; Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Jones KE; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.; Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Gorassini MA; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Fenrich KK; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.; Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Li Y; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.; Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA., Bennett DJ; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. bennettd@ualberta.ca.; Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. bennettd@ualberta.ca.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature neuroscience [Nat Neurosci] 2022 Oct; Vol. 25 (10), pp. 1288-1299. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 26.
DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01162-x
Abstrakt: Movement and posture depend on sensory feedback that is regulated by specialized GABAergic neurons (GAD2 + ) that form axo-axonic contacts onto myelinated proprioceptive sensory axons and are thought to be inhibitory. However, we report here that activating GAD2 + neurons directly with optogenetics or indirectly by cutaneous stimulation actually facilitates sensory feedback to motor neurons in rodents and humans. GABA A receptors located at or near nodes of Ranvier of sensory axons cause this facilitation by preventing spike propagation failure at the many axon branch points, which is otherwise common without GABA. In contrast, GABA A receptors are generally lacking from axon terminals and so cannot inhibit transmitter release onto motor neurons, unlike GABA B receptors that cause presynaptic inhibition. GABAergic innervation near nodes and branch points allows individual branches to function autonomously, with GAD2 + neurons regulating which branches conduct, adding a computational layer to the neuronal networks generating movement and likely generalizing to other central nervous system axons.
(© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: