| Autor: |
Criswell RL; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division for Climate and Environmental Health, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.; Skowhegan Family Medicine, Redington-Fairview General Hospital, 46 Fairview Ave, Skowhegan, ME 04976, USA., Iszatt N; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division for Climate and Environmental Health, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway., Demmelmair H; Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians Universität Munich, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany., Ahmed TB; Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians Universität Munich, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany., Koletzko BV; Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians Universität Munich, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany., Lenters VC; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division for Climate and Environmental Health, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway., Eggesbø MÅ; Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division for Climate and Environmental Health, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway. |
| Abstrakt: |
Triglyceride-bound fatty acids constitute the majority of lipids in human milk and may affect infant growth. We describe the composition of fatty acids in human milk, identify predictors, and investigate associations between fatty acids and infant growth using data from the Norwegian Human Milk Study birth cohort. In a subset of participants ( n = 789, 30% of cohort), oversampled for overweight and obesity, we analyzed milk concentrations of detectable fatty acids. We modelled percent composition of fatty acids in relation to maternal body mass index, pregnancy weight gain, parity, smoking, delivery mode, gestational age, fish intake, and cod liver oil intake. We assessed the relation between fatty acids and infant growth from 0 to 6 months. Of the factors tested, excess pregnancy weight gain was positively associated with monounsaturated fatty acids and inversely associated with stearic acid. Multiparity was negatively associated with monounsaturated fatty acids and n-3 fatty acids while positively associated with stearic acid. Gestational age was inversely associated with myristic acid. Medium-chain saturated fatty acids were inversely associated with infant growth, and mono-unsaturated fatty acids, particularly oleic acid, were associated with an increased odds of rapid growth. Notably, excessive maternal weight gain was associated with cis-vaccenic acid, which was further associated with a threefold increased risk of rapid infant growth (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.2-6.6), suggesting that monounsaturated fatty acids in milk may play a role in the intergenerational transmission of obesity. |
