Genetic variation and molecular characterization of Zygophyllum coccineum L. ecotypes of the iron mining area of El-Wahat El-Bahariya in Egypt.

Autor: El-Esawi MA; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt. Electronic address: mohamed.elesawi@science.tanta.edu.eg., Elshamy MM; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt. Electronic address: mahammy@mans.edu.eg., Heikal YM; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt. Electronic address: yasminheikal@mans.edu.eg.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB [Plant Physiol Biochem] 2022 Nov 01; Vol. 190, pp. 212-230. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 16.
DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.09.009
Abstrakt: Remediation and mitigation processes can recover the ecosystems affected by mining operations. Zygophyllum coccineum L. is a native indigenous xerophyte that grows in Egypt's Western Desert, particularly around the iron mining ore deposits, and accumulates high rates of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in its succulent leaves. The present study evaluated the genetic variation and molecular responses of Z. coccineum to heavy metal stressful conditions in three sites. Results revealed that Z. coccineum bioaccumulation capacity was greater than unity and varied amongst the three locations. In response to heavy metal toxicity, Z. coccineum plants boosted their antioxidative enzymes activity and glutathione levels as a tolerance strategy. Anatomically, a compact epidermis, a thick spongy mesophyll with water storage cells, and a thicker vascular system were observed. Protein electrophoretic analysis yielded 20 fragments with a polymorphism rate of 85%. The antioxidant genes (CAT: catalase, POD: peroxidase and GST: polyphenol oxidase) showed greater levels of expression. In addition, DNA-based molecular genetic diversity analyses using Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers yielded 54 amplified fragments (i.e. 24 monomorphic and 30 polymorphic), with 12 unique fragments and a polymorphism rate of 55.5%. The greatest PIC values were recorded for SCoT-6 (0.36) and for both of the 14 A and 44 B ISSR primers (0.25). Diversity index (DI) of all SCoT and ISSR amplified primers was 0.23. The present findings reveal the distinct heavy metal's adaption attributes of Z. coccineum, indicating its improved survival in severely arid mining environments.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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