The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool.

Autor: Gretzinger J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Sayer D; University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK. dsayer@uclan.ac.uk., Justeau P; University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK., Altena E; Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands., Pala M; University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK., Dulias K; University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK.; Institute of Geosystems and Bioindication, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany., Edwards CJ; University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK.; University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Jodoin S; University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany., Lacher L; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Sabin S; Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA., Vågene ÅJ; Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Haak W; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Ebenesersdóttir SS; deCODE Genetics/AMGEN Inc., Reykjavík, Iceland.; Department of Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland., Moore KHS; deCODE Genetics/AMGEN Inc., Reykjavík, Iceland., Radzeviciute R; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Schmidt K; University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Brace S; Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK., Bager MA; Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Patterson N; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA., Papac L; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Broomandkhoshbacht N; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Callan K; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Harney É; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Iliev L; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Lawson AM; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Michel M; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Stewardson K; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Zalzala F; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Rohland N; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA., Kappelhoff-Beckmann S; Landesmuseum Natur und Mensch, Oldenburg, Germany., Both F; Landesmuseum Natur und Mensch, Oldenburg, Germany., Winger D; University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany., Neumann D; Lower Saxony State Museum, Hanover, Germany., Saalow L; Landesamt für Kultur und Denkmalpflege Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Schwerin, Germany., Krabath S; Institute for Historical Coastal Research (NIhK), Wilhelmshaven, Germany., Beckett S; Sedgeford Historical and Archaeological Research Project, Sedgeford, UK.; Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield Defence and Security, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK.; Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Van Twest M; Sedgeford Historical and Archaeological Research Project, Sedgeford, UK., Faulkner N; Sedgeford Historical and Archaeological Research Project, Sedgeford, UK., Read C; The Atlantic Technological University, Sligo, Ireland., Barton T; Milton Keynes Museum, Milton Keyes, UK., Caruth J; Cotswold Archaeology, Needham Market, UK., Hines J; Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK., Krause-Kyora B; University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany., Warnke U; Landesmuseum Natur und Mensch, Oldenburg, Germany., Schuenemann VJ; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Barnes I; Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK., Dahlström H; Museum of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Clausen JJ; Museum of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Richardson A; Canterbury Archaeological Trust, Canterbury, UK.; Isle Heritage CIC, Sandgate, UK., Popescu E; Oxford Archaeology East, Cambridge, UK., Dodwell N; Oxford Archaeology East, Cambridge, UK., Ladd S; Oxford Archaeology East, Cambridge, UK., Phillips T; Oxford Archaeology East, Cambridge, UK., Mortimer R; Oxford Archaeology East, Cambridge, UK.; Cotswold Archaeology, Needham Market, UK., Sayer F; University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK., Swales D; Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification (CAHID), University of Dundee, Dundee, UK., Stewart A; University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK., Powlesland D; The Landscape Research Centre Ltd, Yedingham, UK., Kenyon R; East Dorset Antiquarian Society (EDAS), West Bexington, UK., Ladle L; Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK., Peek C; Institute for Historical Coastal Research (NIhK), Wilhelmshaven, Germany., Grefen-Peters S; Ossatura-Wilhelm-Börker, Braunschweig, Germany., Ponce P; University of York, York, UK., Daniels R; Tees Archaeology, Hartlepool, UK., Spall C; FAS Heritage, York, UK., Woolcock J; Royal Cornwall Museum, Truro, UK., Jones AM; Cornwall Archaeological Unit, Truro, UK., Roberts AV; The Novium Museum, Chichester, UK., Symmons R; Fishbourne Roman Palace, Fishbourne, UK., Rawden AC; Fishbourne Roman Palace, Fishbourne, UK.; South Downs Centre, Midhurst, UK., Cooper A; BlueSkyGenetics, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., Bos KI; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Booth T; Natural History Museum, London, UK., Schroeder H; Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Thomas MG; University College London, London, UK., Helgason A; deCODE Genetics/AMGEN Inc., Reykjavík, Iceland.; Department of Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland., Richards MB; University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK., Reich D; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA., Krause J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Schiffels S; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. stephan_schiffels@eva.mpg.de.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2022 Oct; Vol. 610 (7930), pp. 112-119. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 21.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05247-2
Abstrakt: The history of the British Isles and Ireland is characterized by multiple periods of major cultural change, including the influential transformation after the end of Roman rule, which precipitated shifts in language, settlement patterns and material culture 1 . The extent to which migration from continental Europe mediated these transitions is a matter of long-standing debate 2-4 . Here we study genome-wide ancient DNA from 460 medieval northwestern Europeans-including 278 individuals from England-alongside archaeological data, to infer contemporary population dynamics. We identify a substantial increase of continental northern European ancestry in early medieval England, which is closely related to the early medieval and present-day inhabitants of Germany and Denmark, implying large-scale substantial migration across the North Sea into Britain during the Early Middle Ages. As a result, the individuals who we analysed from eastern England derived up to 76% of their ancestry from the continental North Sea zone, albeit with substantial regional variation and heterogeneity within sites. We show that women with immigrant ancestry were more often furnished with grave goods than women with local ancestry, whereas men with weapons were as likely not to be of immigrant ancestry. A comparison with present-day Britain indicates that subsequent demographic events reduced the fraction of continental northern European ancestry while introducing further ancestry components into the English gene pool, including substantial southwestern European ancestry most closely related to that seen in Iron Age France 5,6 .
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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