Fish oil supplementation of rats fed a high fat diet during pregnancy improves offspring insulin sensitivity.

Autor:	Satokar VV; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Vickers MH; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Reynolds CM; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.; Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Ponnampalam AP; Manaaki Mānawa - The Centre for Heart Research, Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Firth EC; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Garg ML; Nutraceuticals Research Program, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia., Barrett CJ; Manaaki Mānawa - The Centre for Heart Research, Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Cutfield WS; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.; A Better Start - National Science Challenge, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Albert BB; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.; A Better Start - National Science Challenge, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in nutrition [Front Nutr] 2022 Sep 02; Vol. 9, pp. 968443. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 02 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fnut.2022.968443
Abstrakt:	Introduction: In rats, a maternal high-fat diet (HFD) leads to adverse metabolic changes in the adult offspring, similar to the children of mothers with obesity during pregnancy. Supplementation with a high dose of fish oil (FO) to pregnant rats fed a HFD has been shown to prevent the development of insulin resistance in adult offspring. However, the effects of supplementation at a translationally relevant dose remain unknown. Aim: To determine whether supplementation with a human-relevant dose of FO to pregnant rats can prevent the long-term adverse metabolic and cardiovascular effects of a maternal HFD on adult offspring. Methods: Female rats ( N = 100, 90 days of age) were assigned to HFD (45% kcal from fat) or control diet (CD) for 14 days prior to mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation. Following mating, dams received a gel containing 0.05 ml of FO (human equivalent 2-3 ml) or a control gel on each day of pregnancy. This produced 4 groups, CD with control gel, CD with FO gel, HFD with control gel and HFD with FO gel. Plasma and tissue samples were collected at day 20 of pregnancy and postnatal day 2, 21, and 100. Adult offspring were assessed for insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, DXA scan, and 2D echocardiography. Results: There was an interaction between maternal diet and FO supplementation on insulin sensitivity ( p = 0.005) and cardiac function ( p < 0.01). A maternal HFD resulted in impaired insulin sensitivity in the adult offspring ( p = 0.005 males, p = 0.001 females). FO supplementation in the context of a maternal HFD prevented the reduction in insulin sensitivity in offspring ( p = 0.05 males, p = 0.0001 females). However, in dams consuming CD, FO supplementation led to impaired insulin sensitivity ( p = 0.02 males, p = 0.001 females), greater body weight and reduced cardiac ejection fraction. Conclusion: The effects of a human-relevant dose of maternal FO on offspring outcomes were dependent on the maternal diet, so that FO was beneficial to the offspring if the mother consumed a HFD, but deleterious if the mother consumed a control diet. This study suggests that supplementation with FO should be targeted to women expected to have abnormalities of metabolism such as those with overweight and obesity. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Satokar, Vickers, Reynolds, Ponnampalam, Firth, Garg, Barrett, Cutfield and Albert.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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