Genetic profiles to identify talents in elite endurance athletes and professional football players.

Autor: Varillas-Delgado D; Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain., Morencos E; Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain., Gutiérrez-Hellín J; Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain., Aguilar-Navarro M; Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain., Muñoz A; Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain., Mendoza Láiz N; Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Faculty of Health Sciences, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain., Perucho T; VIVO Labs, Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain.; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Madrid, Spain., Maestro A; Oviedo University, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Begoña, Gijón, Asturias, Spain., Tellería-Orriols JJ; Universidad de Valladolid, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics (IBMG/CSIC), University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2022 Sep 16; Vol. 17 (9), pp. e0274880. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 16 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274880
Abstrakt: The genetic profile that is needed to identify talents has been studied extensively in recent years. The main objective of this investigation was to approach, for the first time, the study of genetic variants in several polygenic profiles and their role in elite endurance and professional football performance by comparing the allelic and genotypic frequencies to the non-athlete population. In this study, genotypic and allelic frequencies were determined in 452 subjects: 292 professional athletes (160 elite endurance athletes and 132 professional football players) and 160 non-athlete subjects. Genotyping of polymorphisms in liver metabolisers (CYP2D6, GSTM1, GSTP and GSTT), iron metabolism and energy efficiency (HFE, AMPD1 and PGC1a), cardiorespiratory fitness (ACE, NOS3, ADRA2A, ADRB2 and BDKRB2) and muscle injuries (ACE, ACTN3, AMPD1, CKM and MLCK) was performed by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Single Nucleotide Primer Extension (PCR-SNPE). The combination of the polymorphisms for the "optimal" polygenic profile was quantified using the genotype score (GS) and total genotype score (TGS). Statistical differences were found in the genetic distributions between professional athletes and the non-athlete population in liver metabolism, iron metabolism and energy efficiency, and muscle injuries (p<0.001). The binary logistic regression model showed a favourable OR (odds ratio) of being a professional athlete against a non-athlete in liver metabolism (OR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.28-3.01; p = 0.002), iron metabolism and energy efficiency (OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.42-3.43; p < 0.001), and muscle injuries (OR: 2.70; 95% CI: 1.75-4.16; p < 0.001) in the polymorphisms studied. Genetic distribution in professional athletes as regards endurance (professional cyclists and elite runners) and professional football players shows genetic selection in these sports disciplines.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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