Objective assessment of motor activity in a clinical sample of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or cyclothymic temperament.

Autor: Syrstad VEG; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. vesy@haukeland.no.; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. vesy@haukeland.no.; Division of Psychiatry, NORMENT, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. vesy@haukeland.no., Mjeldheim K; Madlamarkveien 2a, Hafrsfjord, Norway., Førland W; Lagårdsveien 91, Stavanger, Norway., Jakobsen P; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Division of Psychiatry, NORMENT, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway., Gjestad R; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.; Division of Psychiatry, NORMENT, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.; Center for Crisis Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Berle JØ; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Division of Psychiatry, NORMENT, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway., Merikangas KR; Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Oedegaard KJ; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Division of Psychiatry, NORMENT, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway., Fasmer OB; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Division of Psychiatry, NORMENT, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC psychiatry [BMC Psychiatry] 2022 Sep 14; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 609. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 14.
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04242-1
Abstrakt: Background: Most research on patterns of motor activity has been conducted on adults with mood disorders, but few studies have investigated comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or temperamental factors that may influence the clinical course and symptoms. Cyclothymic temperament (CT) is particularly associated with functional impairment. Clinical features define both disorders, but objective, biological markers for these disorders could give important insights with regard to pathophysiology and classification.
Methods: Seventy-six patients, requiring diagnostic evaluation of ADHD, mood or anxiety disorders were recruited. A comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, including the CT scale of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego - Auto-questionnaire (TEMPS-A), neuropsychological tests and actigraphy, was performed. ADHD was diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria. There was a range of different conditions in this clinical sample, but here we report on the presence of CT and ADHD in relation to motor activity. Twenty-nine healthy controls were recruited. We analyzed motor activity time series using linear and nonlinear mathematical methods, with a special focus on active and inactive periods in the actigraphic recordings.
Results: Forty patients fulfilled the criteria for ADHD, with the remainder receiving other psychiatric diagnoses (clinical controls). Forty-two patients fulfilled the criteria for CT. Twenty-two patients fulfilled the criteria for ADHD and CT, 18 patients met the criteria for ADHD without CT, and 15 patients had neither. The ratio duration of active/inactive periods was significantly lower in patients with CT than in patients without CT, in both the total sample, and in the ADHD subsample.
Conclusions: CT is associated with objectively assessed changes in motor activity, implying that the systems regulating motor behavior in these patients are different from both healthy controls and clinical controls without CT. Findings suggest that actigraphy may supplement clinical assessments of CT and ADHD, and may provide an objective marker for CT.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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