Risk and protective factors for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among healthcare workers: A test-negative case-control study in Québec, Canada.

Autor:	Carazo S; Institut national de santé Publique du Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada., Villeneuve J; Institut national de santé Publique du Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada., Laliberté D; Direction de la santé publique de la Capitale-Nationale, CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Québec, Québec, Canada.; Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada., Longtin Y; Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Québec, Canada.; McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Québec, Canada., Talbot D; Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada.; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada., Martin R; Institut national de santé Publique du Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada., Denis G; McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Québec, Canada.; CIUSSS Centre Sud de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada., Ducharme F; Faculté des sciences infirmières, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.; Centre de recherche de l'Institut de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada., Paquet-Bolduc B; Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Institut Universitaire en cardiologie et pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada., Anctil G; Institut national de santé Publique du Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada., Hegg-Deloye S; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada., De Serres G; Institut national de santé Publique du Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.; Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada.; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Infection control and hospital epidemiology [Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol] 2023 Jul; Vol. 44 (7), pp. 1121-1130. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 09.
DOI:	10.1017/ice.2022.231
Abstrakt:	Objectives: In Québec, Canada, we evaluated the risk of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection associated with (1) the demographic and employment characteristics among healthcare workers (HCWs) and (2) the workplace and household exposures and the infection prevention and control (IPC) measures among patient-facing HCWs. Design: Test-negative case-control study. Setting: Provincial health system. Participants: HCWs with PCR-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosed between November 15, 2020, and May 29, 2021 (ie, cases), were compared to HCWs with compatible symptoms who tested negative during the same period (ie, controls). Methods: Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of infection were estimated using regression logistic models evaluating demographic and employment characteristics (all 4,919 cases and 4,803 controls) or household and workplace exposures and IPC measures (2,046 patient-facing cases and 1,362 controls). Results: COVID-19 risk was associated with working as housekeeping staff (aOR, 3.6), as a patient-support assistant (aOR, 1.9), and as nursing staff (aOR, 1.4), compared to administrative staff. Other risk factors included being unexperienced (aOR, 1.5) and working in private seniors' homes (aOR, 2.1) or long-term care facilities (aOR, 1.5), compared to acute-care hospitals. Among patient-facing HCWs, exposure to a household contact was reported by 9% of cases and was associated with the highest risk of infection (aOR, 7.8). Most infections were likely attributable to more frequent exposure to infected patients (aOR, 2.7) and coworkers (aOR, 2.2). Wearing an N95 respirator during contacts with COVID-19 patients (aOR, 0.7) and vaccination (aOR, 0.2) were the measures associated with risk reduction. Conclusion: In the context of the everchanging SARS-CoV-2 virus with increasing transmissibility, measures to ensure HCW protection, including vaccination and respiratory protection, and patient safety will require ongoing evaluation.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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