Diversity of gut methanogens and functional enzymes associated with methane metabolism in smallholder dairy cattle.

Autor: Ngetich DK; Department of Animal Production, University of Nairobi, Kangemi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, 00625, Kenya. ngetichkipkorirdenis@gmail.com., Bett RC; Department of Animal Production, University of Nairobi, Kangemi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, 00625, Kenya., Gachuiri CK; Department of Animal Production, University of Nairobi, Kangemi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, 00625, Kenya., Kibegwa FM; Department of Animal Production, University of Nairobi, Kangemi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi, 00625, Kenya.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Archives of microbiology [Arch Microbiol] 2022 Sep 08; Vol. 204 (10), pp. 608. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 08.
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03187-z
Abstrakt: Methane is a greenhouse gas with disastrous consequences when released to intolerable levels. Ruminants produce methane during gut fermentation releasing it through belching and/or flatulence. To better understand the diversity of methanogens and functional enzymes associated with methane metabolism in dairy cows, 48 samples; 6 rumen fluid and 42 dung samples were collected from Kenyan and Tanzanian farms and were analyzed using shotgun metagenomic approach. Statistical analysis for species frequency, relative abundance, percentages, and P values were undertaken using MS Excel and IBM SPSS statistics 20. The results showed archaea from 5 phyla, 9 classes, 16 orders, 25 families, 59 genera, and 87 species. Gut sites significantly contributed to the presence and distribution of various methanogens (P < 0.01). The class Methanomicrobia was abundant in the rumen samples (~ 39%) and dung (~ 44%). The most abundant (~ 17%) methanogen species identified was Methanocorpusculum labreanum. However, some taxonomic class data were unclassified (~ 6% in the rumen and ~ 4% in the dung). Five functional enzymes: Glycine/Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, Formylmethanofuran-tetrahydromethanopterin N-formyltransferase, Formate dehydrogenase, anaerobic carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, and catalase-peroxidase associated with methane metabolism were identified. KEGG functional metabolic analysis for the enzymes identified during this study was significant (P < 0.05) for five metabolism processes. The methanogen species abundances from this study in numbers/kind can be utilized exclusively or jointly as indirect selection criteria for methane mitigation. When targeting functional genes of the microbes/animal for better performance, the concern not to affect the host animal's functionality should be undertaken. Future studies should consider taxonomically categorizing unclassified species.
(© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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