Characterization of Nasco grape pomace-loaded nutriosomes and their neuroprotective effects in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

Autor:	Parekh P; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy., Serra M; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy., Allaw M; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy., Perra M; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy., Marongiu J; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy., Tolle G; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy., Pinna A; National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Neuroscience, Cagliari, Italy., Casu MA; CNR Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Cagliari, Italy., Manconi M; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy., Caboni P; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy., Manzoni OJJ; INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France.; Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France., Morelli M; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.; National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Neuroscience, Cagliari, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in pharmacology [Front Pharmacol] 2022 Aug 17; Vol. 13, pp. 935784. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Aug 17 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fphar.2022.935784
Abstrakt:	Grape pomaces have recently received great attention for their richness in polyphenols, compounds known to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. These pomaces, however, have low brain bioavailability when administered orally due to their extensive degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. To overcome this problem, Nasco pomace extract was incorporated into a novel nanovesicle system called nutriosomes, composed of phospholipids (S75) and water-soluble maltodextrin (Nutriose ® FM06). Nutriosomes were small, homogeneously dispersed, had negative zeta potential, and were biocompatible with intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). Nasco pomace extract resulted rich in antioxidant polyphenols (gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, procyanidin B2, and quercetin). To investigate the neuroprotective effect of Nasco pomace in the subacute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD), Nasco nutriosomes or Nasco suspension was administered intragastrically and their neuroprotective effects were evaluated. Degeneration of nigro-striatal dopaminergic neurons induced by subacute MPTP treatment, the pathological hallmark of PD, was assessed through immunohistochemical evaluation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the caudate-putamen (CPu) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), and the dopamine transporter (DAT) in CPu. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that Nasco nutriosomes significantly prevented the reduction in TH- and DAT-positive fibres in CPu, and the number of TH-positive cells in SNc following subacute MPTP treatment, while Nasco suspension counteracted MPTP toxicity exclusively in SNc. Overall, these results highlight the therapeutic effects of Nasco pomace extract when administered in a nutriosome formulation in the subacute MPTP mouse model of PD and validate the effectiveness of the nutriosome preparation over suspension as an innovative nano-drug delivery system for in vivo administration. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Parekh, Serra, Allaw, Perra, Marongiu, Tolle, Pinna, Casu, Manconi, Caboni, Manzoni and Morelli.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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