Microspectroscopic visualization of how biochar lifts the soil organic carbon ceiling.

Autor: Weng ZH; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW, 2477, Australia.; School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.; Department of Animal, Plant & Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.; School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia., Van Zwieten L; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW, 2477, Australia. lukas.van.zwieten@dpi.nsw.gov.au.; Southern Cross University, East Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia. lukas.van.zwieten@dpi.nsw.gov.au., Tavakkoli E; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agriculture Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia.; School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond SA 5064, Adelaide, Australia., Rose MT; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW, 2477, Australia., Singh BP; School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia., Joseph S; Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials and School of Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia., Macdonald LM; CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Waite campus, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia., Kimber S; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW, 2477, Australia., Morris S; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW, 2477, Australia., Rose TJ; Southern Cross University, East Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia., Archanjo BS; Materials Metrology Division, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Rio de Janeiro, 25250-020, Brazil., Tang C; Department of Animal, Plant & Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia., Franks AE; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.; Centre for Future Landscapes, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia., Diao H; Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia., Schweizer S; School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany., Tobin MJ; Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia., Klein AR; Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia., Vongsvivut J; Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia., Chang SLY; Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre and School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia., Kopittke PM; School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia., Cowie A; School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature communications [Nat Commun] 2022 Sep 02; Vol. 13 (1), pp. 5177. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 02.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32819-7
Abstrakt: The soil carbon (C) saturation concept suggests an upper limit to the storage of soil organic carbon (SOC). It is set by the mechanisms that protect soil organic matter from mineralization. Biochar has the capacity to protect new C, including rhizodeposits and microbial necromass. However, the decadal-scale mechanisms by which biochar influences the molecular diversity, spatial heterogeneity, and temporal changes in SOC persistence, remain unresolved. Here we show that the soil C storage ceiling of a Ferralsol under subtropical pasture was raised by a second application of Eucalyptus saligna biochar 8.2 years after the first application-the first application raised the soil C storage ceiling by 9.3 Mg new C ha -1 and the second application raised this by another 2.3 Mg new C ha -1 . Linking direct visual evidence from one-, two-, and three-dimensional analyses with SOC quantification, we found high spatial heterogeneity of C functional groups that resulted in the retention of rhizodeposits and microbial necromass in microaggregates (53-250 µm) and the mineral fraction (<53 µm). Microbial C-use efficiency was concomitantly increased by lowering specific enzyme activities, contributing to the decreased mineralization of native SOC by 18%. We suggest that the SOC ceiling can be lifted using biochar in (sub)tropical grasslands globally.
(© 2022. Crown.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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