Biodegradation of microplastic in freshwaters: A long-lasting process affected by the lake microbiome.

Autor: Taipale SJ; Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland., Vesamäki J; Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland., Kautonen P; Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland., Kukkonen JVK; Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Finland., Biasi C; Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Finland., Nissinen R; Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland., Tiirola M; Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental microbiology [Environ Microbiol] 2023 Dec; Vol. 25 (12), pp. 2669-2680. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Aug 28.
DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16177
Abstrakt: Plastics have been produced for over a century, but definitive evidence of complete plastic biodegradation in different habitats, particularly freshwater ecosystems, is still missing. Using 13 C-labelled polyethylene microplastics (PE-MP) and stable isotope analysis of produced gas and microbial membrane lipids, we determined the biodegradation rate and fate of carbon in PE-MP in different freshwater types. The biodegradation rate in the humic-lake waters was much higher (0.45% ± 0.21% per year) than in the clear-lake waters (0.07% ± 0.06% per year) or the artificial freshwater medium (0.02% ± 0.02% per year). Complete biodegradation of PE-MP was calculated to last 100-200 years in humic-lake waters, 300-4000 years in clear-lake waters, and 2000-20,000 years in the artificial freshwater medium. The concentration of 18:1ω7, characteristic phospholipid fatty acid in Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria, was a predictor of faster biodegradation of PE. Uncultured Acetobacteraceae and Comamonadaceae among Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria, respectively, were major bacteria related to the biodegradation of PE-MP. Overall, it appears that microorganisms in humic lakes with naturally occurring refractory polymers are more adept at decomposing PE than those in other waters.
(© 2022 The Authors. Environmental Microbiology published by Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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