Independent actions by HIV-1 Tat and morphine to increase recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages into the brain in a region-specific manner.

Autor: Leibrand CR; Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States., Paris JJ; Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States., Jones AM; Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States., Ohene-Nyako M; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States., Rademeyer KM; Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States., Nass SR; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States., Kim WK; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, United States., Knapp PE; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States., Hauser KF; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States; Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States., McRae M; Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States. Electronic address: mpmcrae@vcu.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Neuroscience letters [Neurosci Lett] 2022 Sep 25; Vol. 788, pp. 136852. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Aug 23.
DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136852
Abstrakt: Despite advances in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), approximately one-half of people infected with HIV (PWH) experience neurocognitive impairment. Opioid use disorder (OUD) can exacerbate the cognitive and pathological changes seen in PWH. HIV increases inflammation and immune cell trafficking into the brain; however, less is known about how opioid use disorder affects the recruitment of immune cells. Accordingly, we examined the temporal consequences of HIV-1 Tat and/or morphine on the recruitment of endocytic cells (predominantly perivascular macrophages and microglia) in the dorsal striatum and hippocampus by infusing multi-colored, fluorescently labeled dextrans before and after exposure. To address this question, transgenic mice that conditionally expressed HIV-1 Tat (Tat+), or their control counterparts (Tat-), received three sequential intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusions of Cascade Blue-, Alexa Fluor 488-, and Alexa Fluor 594-labeled dextrans, respectively infused 1 day before, 1-day after, or 13-days after morphine and/or Tat exposure. At the end of the study, the number of cells labeled with each fluorescent dextran were counted. The data demonstrated a significantly higher influx of newly-labeled cells into the perivascular space than into the parenchyma. In the striatum, Tat or morphine exposure increased the number of endocytic cells in the perivascular space, while only morphine increased the recruitment of endocytic cells into the parenchyma. In the hippocampus, morphine (but not Tat) increased the influx of dextran-labeled cells into the perivascular space, but there were too few labeled cells within the hippocampal parenchyma to analyze. Collectively, these data suggest that HIV-1 Tat and morphine act independently to increase the recruitment of endocytic cells into the brain in a region-specific manner.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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