The Genomic Basis of Evolutionary Novelties in a Leafhopper.

Autor:	Li Z; Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA., Li Y; Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.; State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China., Xue AZ; Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA., Dang V; Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA., Holmes VR; Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA., Johnston JS; Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA., Barrick JE; Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA., Moran NA; Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Molecular biology and evolution [Mol Biol Evol] 2022 Sep 01; Vol. 39 (9).
DOI:	10.1093/molbev/msac184
Abstrakt:	Evolutionary innovations generate phenotypic and species diversity. Elucidating the genomic processes underlying such innovations is central to understanding biodiversity. In this study, we addressed the genomic basis of evolutionary novelties in the glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca vitripennis, GWSS), an agricultural pest. Prominent evolutionary innovations in leafhoppers include brochosomes, proteinaceous structures that are excreted and used to coat the body, and obligate symbiotic associations with two bacterial types that reside within cytoplasm of distinctive cell types. Using PacBio long-read sequencing and Dovetail Omni-C technology, we generated a chromosome-level genome assembly for the GWSS and then validated the assembly using flow cytometry and karyotyping. Additional transcriptomic and proteomic data were used to identify novel genes that underlie brochosome production. We found that brochosome-associated genes include novel gene families that have diversified through tandem duplications. We also identified the locations of genes involved in interactions with bacterial symbionts. Ancestors of the GWSS acquired bacterial genes through horizontal gene transfer (HGT), and these genes appear to contribute to symbiont support. Using a phylogenomics approach, we inferred HGT sources and timing. We found that some HGT events date to the common ancestor of the hemipteran suborder Auchenorrhyncha, representing some of the oldest known examples of HGT in animals. Overall, we show that evolutionary novelties in leafhoppers are generated by the combination of acquiring novel genes, produced both de novo and through tandem duplication, acquiring new symbiotic associations that enable use of novel diets and niches, and recruiting foreign genes to support symbionts and enhance herbivory. (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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