Health Risk Implications of Volatile Organic Compounds in Wildfire Smoke During the 2019 FIREX-AQ Campaign and Beyond.
Autor: | Dickinson GN; Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis-Clark State College Lewiston ID USA., Miller DD; Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis-Clark State College Lewiston ID USA., Bajracharya A; Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis-Clark State College Lewiston ID USA., Bruchard W; Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis-Clark State College Lewiston ID USA., Durbin TA; Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis-Clark State College Lewiston ID USA., McGarry JKP; Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis-Clark State College Lewiston ID USA., Moser EP; Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis-Clark State College Lewiston ID USA., Nuñez LA; Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis-Clark State College Lewiston ID USA., Pukkila EJ; Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis-Clark State College Lewiston ID USA., Scott PS; Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis-Clark State College Lewiston ID USA., Sutton PJ; Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis-Clark State College Lewiston ID USA., Johnston NAC; Physical, Life, Movement, and Sport Sciences Division Lewis-Clark State College Lewiston ID USA. |
---|---|
Jazyk: | angličtina |
Zdroj: | GeoHealth [Geohealth] 2022 Aug 01; Vol. 6 (8), pp. e2021GH000546. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Aug 01 (Print Publication: 2022). |
DOI: | 10.1029/2021GH000546 |
Abstrakt: | Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality was a NOAA/NASA collaborative campaign conducted during the summer of 2019. The objectives included identifying and quantifying wildfire composition, smoke evolution, and climate and health impacts of wildfires and agricultural fires in the United States. Ground based mobile sampling via sorbent tubes occurred at the Nethker and Williams Flats fires (2019) and Chief Timothy and Whitetail Loop fires (2020) in Idaho and Washington. Air samples were analyzed through thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for a variety of volatile organic compounds to elucidate both composition and health impacts. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, butenes, phenol, isoprene and pinenes were observed in the wildfire smoke, with benzene ranging from 0.04 to 25 ppbv. Health risk was assessed for each fire by determining sub-chronic (wildfire event) and projected chronic inhalation risk exposure from benzene, a carcinogen, as well as other non-carcinogenic compounds including toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, and hexane. The cancer risk of benzene from sub-chronic exposure was 1 extra cancer per million people and ranged from 1 to 19 extra cancers per million people for the projected chronic scenarios, compared to a background level of 1 extra cancer per million people. The hazard index of non-carcinogenic compounds was less than one for all scenarios and wildfires sampled, which was considered low risk for non-cancer health events. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this study. (© 2022 The Authors. GeoHealth published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Geophysical Union.) |
Databáze: | MEDLINE |
Externí odkaz: |
načítá se...