The genetic history of the Southern Arc: A bridge between West Asia and Europe.

Autor: Lazaridis I; Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Alpaslan-Roodenberg S; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Acar A; Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Letters, Mardin Artuklu University, 47510 Artuklu, Mardin, Turkey., Açıkkol A; Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Letters, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey., Agelarakis A; Department of History, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY 11530, USA., Aghikyan L; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, NAS RA, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia., Akyüz U; Samsun Museum of Archeology and Ethnography, Kale Mahallesi, Merkez, İlkadım, 55030 Samsun, Turkey., Andreeva D; Iskra Museum of History, 6100 Kazanlak, Bulgaria., Andrijašević G; Historical Musem in Kotor, 85330 Kotor, Montenegro., Antonović D; Institute of Archaeology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia., Armit I; Department of Archaeology, University of York, York YO1 7EP, UK., Atmaca A; Amasya Archaeology Museum, Mustafa Kemal Paşa Caddesi, 05000 Amasya, Turkey., Avetisyan P; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, NAS RA, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia., Aytek Aİ; Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Burdur Mehmet Akif University, 15100 Burdur, Turkey., Bacvarov K; National Institute of Archaeology and Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria., Badalyan R; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, NAS RA, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia., Bakardzhiev S; Yambol Regional Historical Museum, 8600 Yambol, Bulgaria., Balen J; Archaeological Museum in Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia., Bejko L; Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies, University of Tirana, 1010 Tirana, Albania., Bernardos R; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Bertsatos A; Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece., Biber H; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65090 Tuşba, Van, Turkey., Bilir A; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Düzce University, 81620 Düzce, Turkey., Bodružić M; Stratum Ltd., 21218 Seget Donji, Croatia., Bonogofsky M; Independent Researcher, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Bonsall C; School of History, Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK., Borić D; The Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA., Borovinić N; Center for Conservation and Archaeology of Montenegro, 81250 Cetinje, Montenegro., Bravo Morante G; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Buttinger K; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Callan K; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Candilio F; Servizio di Bioarcheologia, Museo delle Civiltà, 00144 Rome, Italy., Carić M; Centre for Applied Bioanthropology, Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia., Cheronet O; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Chohadzhiev S; Department of Archaeology, University of Veliko Tarnovo 'St. Cyril and St. Methodius,' 5003 Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria., Chovalopoulou ME; Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece., Chryssoulaki S; Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Sports, Ephorate of Antiquities of Piraeus and the Islands, 10682 Piraeus, Greece., Ciobanu I; 'Orheiul Vechi' Cultural-Natural Reserve, Institute of Bioarchaeological and Ethnocultural Research, 3552 Butuceni, Moldova.; National Archaeological Agency, 2012 Chișinău, Moldova., Čondić N; Archaeological Museum in Zadar, 23000 Zadar, Croatia., Constantinescu M; 'Francisc I. Rainer' Institute of Anthropology, 050711 Bucharest, Romania., Cristiani E; Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy., Culleton BJ; Institutes of Energy and the Environment, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA., Curtis E; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Davis J; Department of Classics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA., Demcenco TI; Independent Researcher, Aberystwyth SY23 4UH, UK., Dergachev V; Center of Archaeology, Institute of Cultural Heritage, Academy of Science of Moldova, 2001 Chișinău, Moldova., Derin Z; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Letters, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey., Deskaj S; Museum of Anthropological Archaeology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA., Devejyan S; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, NAS RA, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia., Djordjević V; Narodni muzej Pančcevo, 26101 Pančevo, Serbia., Duffett Carlson KS; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Eccles LR; Human Paleoecology and Isotope Geochemistry Lab, Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA., Elenski N; Regional Museum of History - Veliko Tarnovo, 5000 Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria., Engin A; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Gaziantep University, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey., Erdoğan N; Mardin Archaeological Museum, Şar, Cumhuriyet Meydanı üstü, 47100 Artuklu, Mardin, Turkey., Erir-Pazarcı S; Muğla İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü, 48000 Muğla, Turkey., Fernandes DM; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria.; Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal., Ferry M; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Freilich S; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Frînculeasa A; Prahova County Museum of History and Archaeology, 100042 Ploiești, Romania., Galaty ML; Museum of Anthropological Archaeology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA., Gamarra B; Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.; Departament d'Història i Història de l'Art, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43002 Tarragona, Spain.; School of Archaeology and Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland., Gasparyan B; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, NAS RA, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia., Gaydarska B; Department of Archaeology, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK., Genç E; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Çukurova University, 01330 Balçalı-Sarıçam-Adana, Turkey., Gültekin T; Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Humanities, Ankara University, 06100 Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey., Gündüz S; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Bursa Uludağ University, 16059 Görükle, Bursa, Turkey., Hajdu T; Department of Biological Anthropology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1053 Budapest, Hungary., Heyd V; Department of Cultures, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland., Hobosyan S; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, NAS RA, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia., Hovhannisyan N; Department of Ecology and Nature Protection, Yerevan State University, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia., Iliev I; Yambol Regional Historical Museum, 8600 Yambol, Bulgaria., Iliev L; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Iliev S; Regional Museum of History, 6300 Haskovo, Bulgaria., İvgin İ; Ministry of Culture and Tourism, İsmet İnönü Bulvarı, 06100 Emek, Ankara, Turkey., Janković I; Centre for Applied Bioanthropology, Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia., Jovanova L; Museum of the City of Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia., Karkanas P; Malcolm H. Wiener Laboratory, American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece., Kavaz-Kındığılı B; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Letters, Atatürk University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey., Kaya EH; Muğla Archaeological Museum and Yatağan Thermal Power Generation Company, Rescue Excavations, 48000 Muğla, Turkey., Keating D; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Kennett DJ; Institutes of Energy and the Environment, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.; Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA., Deniz Kesici S; Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archeology, Çarşı Neighbourhood, 48400 Bodrum, Muğla, Turkey., Khudaverdyan A; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, NAS RA, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia., Kiss K; Department of Biological Anthropology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1053 Budapest, Hungary.; Department of Anthropology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, 1117 Budapest, Hungary., Kılıç S; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65090 Tuşba, Van, Turkey., Klostermann P; Department of Anthropology, Natural History Museum Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria., Kostak Boca Negra Valdes S; Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archeology, Çarşı Neighbourhood, 48400 Bodrum, Muğla, Turkey., Kovačević S; Institute of Archaeology, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia., Krenz-Niedbała M; Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland., Krznarić Škrivanko M; Municipal Museum Vinkovci, 32100 Vinkovci, Croatia., Kurti R; Prehistory Department, Albanian Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Albanian Studies, 1000 Tirana, Albania., Kuzman P; National Museum in Ohrid, 6000 Ohrid, North Macedonia., Lawson AM; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Lazar C; ArchaeoSciences Division, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, 050663 Bucharest, Romania., Leshtakov K; Department of Archaeology, St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria., Levy TE; Department of Anthropology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA., Liritzis I; Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development and the Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization of Henan Province, Laboratory of Yellow River Cultural Heritage, Henan University, 475001 Kaifeng, China.; European Academy of Sciences and Arts, 5020 Salzburg, Austria., Lorentz KO; Science and Technology in Archaeology and Culture Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, 2121 Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus., Łukasik S; Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland., Mah M; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA., Mallick S; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Mandl K; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Martirosyan-Olshansky K; Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA., Matthews R; Department of Archaeology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AB, UK., Matthews W; Department of Archaeology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AB, UK., McSweeney K; School of History, Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK., Melikyan V; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, NAS RA, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia., Micco A; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Michel M; Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Milašinović L; National Museum of Kikinda, 23300 Kikinda, Serbia., Mittnik A; Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany., Monge JM; University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA., Nekhrizov G; National Institute of Archaeology and Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria., Nicholls R; School of Archaeological and Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK., Nikitin AG; Department of Biology, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USA., Nikolov V; National Institute of Archaeology and Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria., Novak M; Centre for Applied Bioanthropology, Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia., Olalde I; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; BIOMICs Research Group, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain., Oppenheimer J; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Osterholtz A; Department of Anthropology and Middle Eastern Cultures, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA., Özdemir C; Amasya Archaeology Museum, Mustafa Kemal Paşa Caddesi, 05000 Amasya, Turkey., Özdoğan KT; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Öztürk N; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Letters, Atatürk University, 25100 Erzurum, Turkey., Papadimitriou N; Paul and Alexandra Canellopoulos Museum, 105-55 Athens, Greece., Papakonstantinou N; Faculty of Philosophy, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece., Papathanasiou A; Ephorate of Paleoantropology and Speleology, Greek Ministry of Culture, 11636 Athens, Greece., Paraman L; Trogir Town Museum, 21220 Trogir, Croatia., Paskary EG; Moldavian Historic-Geographical Society, 2044 Chișinău, Moldova., Patterson N; Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA., Petrakiev I; Regional Museum of History - Veliko Tarnovo, 5000 Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria., Petrosyan L; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, NAS RA, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia., Petrova V; Department of Archaeology, St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria., Philippa-Touchais A; French School of Archaeology at Athens, 10680 Athens, Greece., Piliposyan A; Department of Armenian History, Armenian State Pedagogical University After Khachatur Abovyan, 0010 Yerevan, Armenia., Pocuca Kuzman N; National Museum in Ohrid, 6000 Ohrid, North Macedonia., Potrebica H; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia., Preda-Bălănică B; Department of Cultures, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland., Premužić Z; Independent Researcher, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia., Price TD; Laboratory for Archaeological Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA., Qiu L; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Radović S; Institute for Quaternary Paleontology and Geology, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia., Raeuf Aziz K; Sulaymaniyah Directorate of Antiquities and Heritage, 46010 Sulaymaniyah, Iraq., Rajić Šikanjić P; Centre for Applied Bioanthropology, Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia., Rasheed Raheem K; Sulaymaniyah Directorate of Antiquities and Heritage, 46010 Sulaymaniyah, Iraq., Razumov S; Pridnestrovian University named after Taras Shevchenko, 3300 Tiraspol, Moldova., Richardson A; Department of Archaeology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AB, UK., Roodenberg J; The Netherlands Institute for the Near East, 2311 Leiden, Netherlands., Ruka R; Prehistory Department, Albanian Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Albanian Studies, 1000 Tirana, Albania., Russeva V; Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Archeology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria., Şahin M; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Bursa Uludağ University, 16059 Görükle, Bursa, Turkey., Şarbak A; Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Hitit University, 19040 Çorum, Turkey., Savaş E; Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archeology, Çarşı Neighbourhood, 48400 Bodrum, Muğla, Turkey., Schattke C; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Schepartz L; School of Anatomical Sciences, The University of the Witwatersrand, 2193 Johannesburg, South Africa., Selçuk T; Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archeology, Çarşı Neighbourhood, 48400 Bodrum, Muğla, Turkey., Sevim-Erol A; Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Language and History - Geography, Ankara University, 06100 Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey., Shamoon-Pour M; Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA., Shephard HM; Archaeological Institute of America, Boston, MA 02108, USA., Sideris A; Institute of Classical Archaeology, Charles University, 11636 Prague, Czechia., Simalcsik A; 'Orheiul Vechi' Cultural-Natural Reserve, Institute of Bioarchaeological and Ethnocultural Research, 3552 Butuceni, Moldova.; 'Olga Necrasov' Centre of Anthropological Research, Romanian Academy Iași Branch, 2012 Iaşi Romania., Simonyan H; Scientific Research Center of the Historical and Cultural Heritage, 0010 Yerevan, Armenia., Sinika V; Pridnestrovian University named after Taras Shevchenko, 3300 Tiraspol, Moldova., Sirak K; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Sirbu G; Thracology Scientific Research Laboratory of the State University of Moldova, Department of Academic Management, Academy of Science of Moldova, 2009 Chișinău, Moldova., Šlaus M; Anthropological Center of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia., Soficaru A; 'Francisc I. Rainer' Institute of Anthropology, 050711 Bucharest, Romania., Söğüt B; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Pamukkale University, 20070 Denizli, Turkey., Sołtysiak A; Faculty of Archaeology, University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warszawa, Poland., Sönmez-Sözer Ç; Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Language and History - Geography, Ankara University, 06100 Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey., Stathi M; Ephorate of Antiquities of East Attica, Ministry of Culture and Sports, 10682 Athens, Greece., Steskal M; Austrian Archaeological Institute at the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria., Stewardson K; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Stocker S; Department of Classics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA., Suata-Alpaslan F; Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Letters, Istanbul University, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey., Suvorov A; Department of Cultures, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland., Szécsényi-Nagy A; Institute of Archaeogenomics, Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1097 Budapest, Hungary., Szeniczey T; Department of Biological Anthropology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1053 Budapest, Hungary., Telnov N; Pridnestrovian University named after Taras Shevchenko, 3300 Tiraspol, Moldova., Temov S; Archaeology Museum of North Macedonia, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia., Todorova N; Department of Archaeology, St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria., Tota U; Prehistory Department, Albanian Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Albanian Studies, 1000 Tirana, Albania.; Culture and Patrimony Department, University of Avignon, F-84029 Avignon, France., Touchais G; Department of the History of Art and Archaeology, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, 75006 Paris, France., Triantaphyllou S; Faculty of Philosophy, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece., Türker A; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139 Atakum-Samsun, Turkey., Ugarković M; Institute of Archaeology, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia., Valchev T; Yambol Regional Historical Museum, 8600 Yambol, Bulgaria., Veljanovska F; Archaeology Museum of North Macedonia, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia., Videvski Z; Archaeology Museum of North Macedonia, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia., Virag C; Satu Mare County Museum, 440031 Satu Mare, Romania., Wagner A; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Walsh S; School of Natural Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK., Włodarczak P; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-016 Kraków, Poland., Workman JN; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Yardumian A; Department of History and Social Sciences, Bryn Athyn College, Bryn Athyn, PA 19009, USA.; Penn Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA., Yarovoy E; History of the Ancient World and Middle Ages Department, Moscow Region State University, Moscow Region, 141014 Mytishi, Russia., Yavuz AY; Department of Anthropology, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Istiklal Campus, 15100 Burdur, Turkey., Yılmaz H; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65090 Tuşba, Van, Turkey., Zalzala F; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Zettl A; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Zhang Z; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Çavuşoğlu R; Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65090 Tuşba, Van, Turkey., Rohland N; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Pinhasi R; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria.; Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Reich D; Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA., Davtyan R; Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, NAS RA, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2022 Aug 26; Vol. 377 (6609), pp. eabm4247. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Aug 26.
DOI: 10.1126/science.abm4247
Abstrakt: By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age (about 5000 to 1000 BCE), when extensive gene flow entangled it with the Eurasian steppe. Two streams of migration transmitted Caucasus and Anatolian/Levantine ancestry northward, and the Yamnaya pastoralists, formed on the steppe, then spread southward into the Balkans and across the Caucasus into Armenia, where they left numerous patrilineal descendants. Anatolia was transformed by intra-West Asian gene flow, with negligible impact of the later Yamnaya migrations. This contrasts with all other regions where Indo-European languages were spoken, suggesting that the homeland of the Indo-Anatolian language family was in West Asia, with only secondary dispersals of non-Anatolian Indo-Europeans from the steppe.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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