Potential mechanical transmission of Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) by the stable fly ( Stomoxys calcitrans ) through regurgitation and defecation.

Autor:	Paslaru AI; National Centre for Vector Entomology, Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr.266A, Zürich 8057, Switzerland.; Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Mittelhäusern, Switzerland., Verhulst NO; National Centre for Vector Entomology, Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr.266A, Zürich 8057, Switzerland., Maurer LM; National Centre for Vector Entomology, Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr.266A, Zürich 8057, Switzerland., Brendle A; National Centre for Vector Entomology, Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr.266A, Zürich 8057, Switzerland., Pauli N; National Centre for Vector Entomology, Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr.266A, Zürich 8057, Switzerland., Vögtlin A; Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Mittelhäusern, Switzerland., Renzullo S; Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Mittelhäusern, Switzerland., Ruedin Y; Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Mittelhäusern, Switzerland., Hoffmann B; Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany., Torgerson PR; Section of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland., Mathis A; National Centre for Vector Entomology, Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr.266A, Zürich 8057, Switzerland., Veronesi E; National Centre for Vector Entomology, Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr.266A, Zürich 8057, Switzerland.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Current research in insect science [Curr Res Insect Sci] 2020 Dec 17; Vol. 1, pp. 100007. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Dec 17 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.1016/j.cris.2020.100007
Abstrakt:	Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral disorder of cattle caused by the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) which can induce severe infections leading to high economic losses. Being of African origin, the first LSD outbreaks in Europe occurred in Greece and later in the Balkan region. Little is known about the mode of transmission, especially in relation to the potential role of arthropods vectors. The purpose of our study was to investigate the role of Stomoxys calcitrans in the transmission of LSDV and their presence at different farms in Switzerland. Laboratory-reared flies were exposed to LSDV spiked-blood and incubated under a realistic fluctuating temperature regime. Body parts, regurgitated blood, and faecal samples were analysed by qPCR for the presence of viral DNA and infectious virus at different time points post-feeding (p.f.). LSDV DNA was detected in heads, bodies, and regurgitated blood up to three days p.f. and up to two days p.f. in the faeces. Infectious virus was isolated from bodies and faeces up to two days and in the regurgitated blood up to 12 h p.f. There was no increase in viral load, consolidating the role of S. calcitrans as mechanical vectors for LSDV . Stomoxys flies were present at all eight farms investigated, including a farm located at 2128 m asl. The persistence of LSDV in S. calcitrans in combination with the long flight ranges of this abundant and widespread fly might have implications on LSD epidemiology and on implementing control measures during disease outbreaks. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (© 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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