| Autor: |
Bai JZ; College of Agronomy, North A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China., Liu ZY; College of Agronomy, North A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China., Song JJ; College of Agronomy, North A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China., Li N; Shanxi Institute of Organic Dryland Farming, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030800, China., Yu Q; College of Agronomy, North A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China., Hao JQ; College of Agronomy, North A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China., Xu HW; College of Agronomy, North A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China., Cheng BH; College of Agronomy, North A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China., Wang X; College of Agronomy, North A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China., Feng YZ; College of Agronomy, North A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China. |
| Abstrakt: |
Here, we investigated the effects of straw returning combined with biochar application on summer maize yield and soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions, based on a field location trial in the Guanzhong Plain from 2019 to 2020. The soil N 2 O emission rates were monitored using the static chamber-chromatography method. A comprehensive analysis of summer maize yields, soil N 2 O emissions, and soil labile nitrogen components was conducted to clarify the effects of straw returning combined with biochar application on improving soil fertility, increasing summer maize yield, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The three treatments were no straw returning (S 0 ), straw returning (S), and straw returning combined with biochar application (SB). The results showed that the peak of N 2 O emissions from each treatment occurred 10 d after the straw return, and the rate of soil N 2 O emissions remained at a low level after 30 d of straw return. The rate of soil N 2 O emissions showed highly significant positive correlations ( P <0.05) with ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 + -N), inorganic nitrogen (SIN), microbial nitrogen (MBN), and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) contents. S significantly increased summer maize yield, cumulative N 2 O emissions, yield-scaled N 2 O intensity, and total nitrogen (TN) content by 7.4%-13%, 65.8%-132.2%, 54.6%-103%, and 27.8%-33%, respectively, compared to those in S 0 . Although the trend for SB to increase summer maize yield (2.5%-3.3%) compared to that in S was not significant ( P >0.05), SB significantly reduced cumulative N 2 O emissions and yield-scaled N 2 O intensity by 24.0%-27.3% and 26.4%-29.2%, respectively, compared to that in S. SB significantly reduced the rate of soil N 2 O emissions by 45.1%-69.6% at the peak of N 2 O emissions compared to that in S. Biochar application mitigated soil N 2 O emissions induced by straw return and had a peak-shaving effect. SB significantly increased soil total N by 9.1%-12.2% compared to that in S. Combining summer maize yield, soil N 2 O emissions, and TN content, SB not only improved soil fertility and summer maize yield but also reduced yield-scaled N 2 O intensity, making it a suitable management practice that can be replicated to balance crop yield and environmental friendliness. |
