Aversive Pavlovian inhibition in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and its restoration by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy.

Autor:	Geurts DEM; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands., den Ouden HEM; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Janssen L; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Swart JC; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Froböse MI; Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany., Cools R; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Speckens AEM; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience [Front Behav Neurosci] 2022 Jul 25; Vol. 16, pp. 938082. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jul 25 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fnbeh.2022.938082
Abstrakt:	Background: Control over the tendency to make or withhold responses guided by contextual Pavlovian information plays a key role in understanding impulsivity and hyperactivity. Here we set out to assess (1) the understudied relation between contextual Pavlovian inhibitory control and hyperactivity/impulsivity in adults with ADHD and (2) whether this inhibition can be enhanced by mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT). Methods: Within the framework of a randomized controlled trial 50 Adult ADHD patients were assessed before and after 8 weeks of treatment as usual (TAU) with ( n = 24) or without ( n = 26) MBCT. We employed a well-established behavioral Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer task that quantifies Pavlovian inhibitory control over instrumental behavior. Results: Task results revealed (1) less aversive Pavlovian inhibition in ADHD patients with clinically relevant hyperactivity/impulsivity than in those without; and (2) enhanced Pavlovian inhibition across all ADHD patients after TAU+MBCT compared with TAU. Conclusion: These findings offer new insights in the neurocognitive mechanisms of hyperactivity/impulsivity in ADHD and its treatment: We reveal a role for Pavlovian inhibitory mechanisms in understanding hyperactive/impulsive behaviors in ADHD and point toward MBCT as an intervention that might influence these mechanisms. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Geurts, den Ouden, Janssen, Swart, Froböse, Cools and Speckens.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu