| Autor: |
Golgeri M DB; Department of Biochemistry, School of Allied Health Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India.; Department of Biochemistry, Indian Academy Degree College-Autonomous Kalyanagar, Bangalore, India., Mulla SI; Department of Biochemistry, School of Allied Health Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India., Bagewadi ZK; Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, India., Tyagi S; IRRI- South Asia Regional centre, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India., Hu A; Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Xiamen, China., Sharma S; University Institute of Biotechnology (UIBT), Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India., Bilal M; School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China., Bharagava RN; Department of Microbiology (DM), School for Environmental Sciences (SES), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India., Ferreira LFR; Graduate Program in Process Engineering, Tiradentes University, Farolândia, Aracaju-SE, Brazil., Gurumurthy DM; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA., Nadda AK; Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. |
| Abstrakt: |
Various studies have shown that the microbial proteins are often more stable than belongs to other sources like plant and animal origin. Hence, the interest in microbial enzymes has gained much attention due to many potential applications like bioenergy, biofuel production, biobleaching, bioconversion and so on. Additionally, recent trends revealed that the interest in isolating novel microbes from harsh environments have been the main focus of many scientists for various applications. Basically, industrially important enzymes can be categorized into mainly three groups: carbohydrases, proteases, and lipases. Among those, the enzymes especially carbohydrases involved in production of sugars. Carbohydrases include amylases, xylanases, pectinases, cellulases, chitinases, mannases, laccases, ligninases, lactase, glucanase, and glucose oxidase. Thus, here, an approach has been made to highlight five enzymes namely amylase, cellulase, laccase, pectinase, and xylanase from different sources with special emphasis on their properties, mechanism, applications, production optimization, purification, molecular approaches for its enhanced and stable production, and also biotechnological perspectives of its future development. Also, green and sustainable catalytic conversion strategies using nanoparticles of these enzymes have also been discussed. This review will provide insight into the carbohydrases importance and their usefulness that will help to the researchers working in this field. |
