| Autor: |
Chelaghma W; Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée à l'Agroalimentaire, au Biomédical et à l'Environnement, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers, Université Abou Bekr Belkaid, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria., Loucif L; Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Molécules Bioactives et de la Physiopathologie Cellulaire (LBMBPC), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Batna 2, Batna 05000, Algeria., Bendjama E; Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Molécules Bioactives et de la Physiopathologie Cellulaire (LBMBPC), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Batna 2, Batna 05000, Algeria.; Département de Technologie Alimentaire, Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires et des Sciences Agronomiques, Université Batna 1, Batna 05000, Algeria., Cherak Z; Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Batna 2, Batna 05000, Algeria., Bendahou M; Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée à l'Agroalimentaire, au Biomédical et à l'Environnement, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers, Université Abou Bekr Belkaid, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria., Rolain JM; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Microbes, Evolution, Phylogénie et Infection (MEPHI), Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France.; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13000 Marseille, France. |
| Abstrakt: |
The aim of this study was to screen for extended spectrum cephalosporin-, carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in fresh vegetables in Batna, Algeria. A total of 400 samples of fresh vegetables were collected from different retail stores. Samples were immediately subjected to selective isolation, then the representative colonies were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Phenotypic and genotypic analyses were carried out in terms of species identification and relative antibiotic resistance. Transferability of the carbapenemase and mcr -bearing plasmids was verified by conjugation. The clonal relationships of carbapenemase and mcr -positive Escherichia coli isolates were studied by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Sixty-seven isolates were characterised and were mostly isolated from green leafy vegetables, where the dominant species identified included Citrobacter freundii , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Enterobacter cloacae , Stenotrophomona maltophilia , E. coli and Citrobacter braakii . PCR and sequencing results showed that E. coli was the bacterial species presenting the highest antibiotic resistance level in parallel to bla TEM ( n = 16) and bla CTX-M-15 ( n = 11), which were the most detected genes. Moreover, five isolates carried carbapenemase genes, including the bla OXA-48 and/or bla VIM-4 genes. The mcr-1 gene was detected in two E. coli isolates. MLST analysis revealed three different E. coli sequence types: ST101 ( n = 1), ST216 ( n = 1) and ST2298 ( n = 1). Conjugation assays confirmed the transferability of the bla OXA-48 and mcr-1 genes. In this study we report, for the first time, the detection of the bla OXA-48 gene in E. coli and C. braakii isolates and the bla VIM-4 gene in vegetables. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the detection of mcr-1 genes from vegetables in Algeria. |
