Foundations and implications of astrocyte heterogeneity during brain development and disease.

Autor: Schober AL; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada., Wicki-Stordeur LE; Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada., Murai KK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Brain Repair and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; Quantitative Life Sciences Graduate Program, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada., Swayne LA; Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address: lswayne@uvic.ca.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Trends in neurosciences [Trends Neurosci] 2022 Sep; Vol. 45 (9), pp. 692-703. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jul 23.
DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.06.009
Abstrakt: Astrocytes play crucial roles in regulating brain circuit formation and physiology. Recent technological advances have revealed unprecedented levels of astrocyte diversity encompassing molecular, morphological, and functional differences. This diversification is initiated during embryonic specification events and (in rodents) continues into the early postnatal period where it overlaps with peak synapse development and circuit refinement. In fact, several lines of evidence suggest astrocyte diversity both influences and is a consequence of molecular crosstalk among developing astrocytes and other cell types, notably neurons and their synapses. Neurological disease states exhibit additional layers of astrocyte heterogeneity, which could help shed light on these cells' key pathological roles. This review highlights recent advances in clarifying astrocyte heterogeneity and molecular/cellular crosstalk and identifies key outstanding questions.
Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors have no competing interests to declare.
(Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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