Reconciling Assumptions in Bottom-Up and Top-Down Approaches for Estimating Aerosol Emission Rates From Wildland Fires Using Observations From FIREX-AQ.

Autor: Wiggins EB; NASA Postdoctoral Program Universities Space Research Association Columbia MD USA.; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Anderson BE; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Brown MD; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA.; Science Systems and Applications, Inc. Hampton VA USA., Campuzano-Jost P; CIRES University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA., Chen G; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Crawford J; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Crosbie EC; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA.; Science Systems and Applications, Inc. Hampton VA USA., Dibb J; Earth Systems Research Center University of New Hampshire Durham NH USA., DiGangi JP; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Diskin GS; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Fenn M; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA.; Science Systems and Applications, Inc. Hampton VA USA., Gallo F; NASA Postdoctoral Program Universities Space Research Association Columbia MD USA.; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Gargulinski EM; National Institute of Aerospace Hampton VA USA., Guo H; CIRES University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA., Hair JW; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Halliday HS; Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Durham NC USA., Ichoku C; College of Arts and Sciences Howard University Washington DC USA., Jimenez JL; CIRES University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA., Jordan CE; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA.; National Institute of Aerospace Hampton VA USA., Katich JM; CIRES University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA.; NOAA Chemical Science Laboratory Boulder CO USA., Nowak JB; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Perring AE; Department of Chemistry Colgate University Hamilton NY USA., Robinson CE; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA.; Science Systems and Applications, Inc. Hampton VA USA., Sanchez KJ; NASA Postdoctoral Program Universities Space Research Association Columbia MD USA.; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Schueneman M; CIRES University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA., Schwarz JP; NOAA Chemical Science Laboratory Boulder CO USA., Shingler TJ; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Shook MA; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Soja AJ; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA.; National Institute of Aerospace Hampton VA USA., Stockwell CE; CIRES University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA.; NOAA Chemical Science Laboratory Boulder CO USA., Thornhill KL; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA.; Science Systems and Applications, Inc. Hampton VA USA., Travis KR; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Warneke C; NOAA Chemical Science Laboratory Boulder CO USA., Winstead EL; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA.; Science Systems and Applications, Inc. Hampton VA USA., Ziemba LD; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA., Moore RH; NASA Langley Research Center Hampton VA USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of geophysical research. Atmospheres : JGR [J Geophys Res Atmos] 2021 Dec 27; Vol. 126 (24), pp. e2021JD035692. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 10.
DOI: 10.1029/2021JD035692
Abstrakt: Accurate fire emissions inventories are crucial to predict the impacts of wildland fires on air quality and atmospheric composition. Two traditional approaches are widely used to calculate fire emissions: a satellite-based top-down approach and a fuels-based bottom-up approach. However, these methods often considerably disagree on the amount of particulate mass emitted from fires. Previously available observational datasets tended to be sparse, and lacked the statistics needed to resolve these methodological discrepancies. Here, we leverage the extensive and comprehensive airborne in situ and remote sensing measurements of smoke plumes from the recent Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) campaign to statistically assess the skill of the two traditional approaches. We use detailed campaign observations to calculate and compare emission rates at an exceptionally high-resolution using three separate approaches: top-down, bottom-up, and a novel approach based entirely on integrated airborne in situ measurements. We then compute the daily average of these high-resolution estimates and compare with estimates from lower resolution, global top-down and bottom-up inventories. We uncover strong, linear relationships between all of the high-resolution emission rate estimates in aggregate, however no single approach is capable of capturing the emission characteristics of every fire. Global inventory emission rate estimates exhibited weaker correlations with the high-resolution approaches and displayed evidence of systematic bias. The disparity between the low-resolution global inventories and the high-resolution approaches is likely caused by high levels of uncertainty in essential variables used in bottom-up inventories and imperfect assumptions in top-down inventories.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this study.
(© 2021. The Authors.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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