Thermalization dynamics of a gauge theory on a quantum simulator.

Autor: Zhou ZY; Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.; School of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.; Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China., Su GX; Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.; School of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.; Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China., Halimeh JC; INO-CNR BEC Center and Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy., Ott R; Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany., Sun H; Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.; School of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.; Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China., Hauke P; INO-CNR BEC Center and Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy., Yang B; Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.; Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria., Yuan ZS; Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.; School of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.; Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.; Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China., Berges J; Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany., Pan JW; Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.; School of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.; Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.; Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2022 Jul 15; Vol. 377 (6603), pp. 311-314. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jul 14.
DOI: 10.1126/science.abl6277
Abstrakt: Gauge theories form the foundation of modern physics, with applications ranging from elementary particle physics and early-universe cosmology to condensed matter systems. We perform quantum simulations of the unitary dynamics of a U(1) symmetric gauge field theory and demonstrate emergent irreversible behavior. The highly constrained gauge theory dynamics are encoded in a one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard simulator, which couples fermionic matter fields through dynamical gauge fields. We investigated global quantum quenches and the equilibration to a steady state well approximated by a thermal ensemble. Our work may enable the investigation of elusive phenomena, such as Schwinger pair production and string breaking, and paves the way for simulating more complex, higher-dimensional gauge theories on quantum synthetic matter devices.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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