| Autor: |
Shoemaker ME; School of Health and Consumer Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA., Salmon OF; Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA., Smith CM; Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA., Duarte-Gardea MO; Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA., Cramer JT; Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA. |
| Abstrakt: |
There is conflicting evidence of the roles vitamin D and iron have in isolation and combined in relation to muscle health. The purpose of this narrative review was to examine the current literature on the roles that vitamin D and iron have on skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function and how these nutrients are associated with skeletal muscle health in specific populations. Secondary purposes include exploring if low vitamin D and iron status are interrelated with skeletal muscle health and chronic inflammation and reviewing the influence of animal-source foods rich in these nutrients on health and performance. PubMed, Scopus, SPORT Discus, EMBAE, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar databases were searched to determine eligible studies. There was a positive effect of vitamin D on muscle mass, particularly in older adults. There was a positive effect of iron on aerobic and anaerobic performance. Studies reported mixed results for both vitamin D and iron on muscle strength and function. While vitamin D and iron deficiency commonly occur in combination, few studies examined effects on skeletal muscle health and inflammation. Isolated nutrients such as iron and vitamin D may have positive outcomes; however, nutrients within food sources may be most effective in improving skeletal muscle health. |
