Diagnostic Performance of Parasitological, Immunological, Molecular, and Ultrasonographic Tests in Diagnosing Intestinal Schistosomiasis in Fieldworkers From Endemic Municipalities in the Philippines.

Autor:	Tabios IKB; Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.; College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.; Laboratory of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan., Sato MO; Laboratory of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan., Tantengco OAG; College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines., Fornillos RJC; Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines., Kirinoki M; Laboratory of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan., Sato M; Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata City, Japan., Rojo RD; College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines., Fontanilla IKC; Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines., Chigusa Y; Center for International Cooperation, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan., Medina PMB; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines., Kikuchi M; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan., Leonardo LR; Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.; Office of Research Coordination, University of the East, Manila, Philippines.; College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.; University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Graduate School, Quezon City, Philippines.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2022 Jun 14; Vol. 13, pp. 899311. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 14 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fimmu.2022.899311
Abstrakt:	Schistosomiasis remains to ha/ve a significant public health impact in the Philippines. The Kato-Katz (K-K) technique is the reference standard and most used technique for definitive diagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis for control programs in endemic regions. However, this has a very low sensitivity when applied in areas of low endemicity and patients with light infection. Hence, this study determined the diagnostic performance of immunological, molecular, parasitological, and ultrasonographic tests in diagnosing intestinal schistosomiasis in endemic municipalities in the Philippines. We performed a community-based cross-sectional study to determine the positivity of schistosomiasis in Leyte, Philippines. The diagnostic performance of five different detection techniques: (1) three stool K-K with duplicate smears; (2) soluble egg antigen IgG ELISA; (3) urine point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) test; (4) detection of Schistosoma japonicum circulating DNA (SjcDNA) in serum and urine samples; (5) focused abdominal ultrasound (US), were also obtained in this study. Multiple stool examinations enhanced the sensitivity of K-K from 26.2% (95% CI [16.4, 38.8]) with single stool to 53.8% (95% CI [41.1, 66.1]) and 69.2% (95% CI [56.4, 80.0]) with two and three stools from consecutive days, respectively. Among the SjcDNA nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)-based detection assays, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) PCR using sera had the highest sensitivity at 92.3% (95% CI [82.2, 97.1]) with LAMP consistently identifying more positive cases in both serum and urine samples. This study showed that single stool K-K, which remains the only diagnostic test available in most endemic areas in the Philippines, had low sensitivity and failed to identify most patients with light infection. SjcDNA detection assay and POC-CCA urine test were more sensitive than stool microscopy in detecting schistosomiasis. On the other hand, US was less sensitive than the widely utilized K-K technique in diagnosing schistosomiasis. This study emphasizes the need to revisit the use of single stool K-K in the surveillance and case detection of schistosomiasis in endemic areas of the Philippines. The availability of advanced and more sensitive diagnostic tests will help better control, prevent, and eliminate schistosomiasis in the country. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Tabios, Sato, Tantengco, Fornillos, Kirinoki, Sato, Rojo, Fontanilla, Chigusa, Medina, Kikuchi and Leonardo.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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