Elevated temperature and carbon dioxide levels alter growth rates and shell composition in the fluted giant clam, Tridacna squamosa.

Autor: Armstrong EJ; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 3040 Valley Life Sciences Building #3140, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3140, USA. armstrong@berkeley.edu.; Estuary & Ocean Science Center and Department of Biology, Romberg Tiburon Campus, San Francisco State University, 3150 Paradise Drive, Tiburon, CA, 94920, USA. armstrong@berkeley.edu.; PSL Research University, EPHE, CNRS, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan, France. armstrong@berkeley.edu., Watson SA; Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Museum of Tropical Queensland, Queensland Museum Network, Townsville, QLD, 4810, Australia.; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia., Stillman JH; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, 3040 Valley Life Sciences Building #3140, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3140, USA.; Estuary & Ocean Science Center and Department of Biology, Romberg Tiburon Campus, San Francisco State University, 3150 Paradise Drive, Tiburon, CA, 94920, USA., Calosi P; Marine Biology & Ecology Research Center, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK.; Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2022 Jun 30; Vol. 12 (1), pp. 11034. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 30.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14503-4
Abstrakt: Giant clams produce massive calcified shells with important biological (e.g., defensive) and ecological (e.g., habitat-forming) properties. Whereas elevated seawater temperature is known to alter giant clam shell structure, no study has examined the effects of a simultaneous increase in seawater temperature and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO 2 ) on shell mineralogical composition in these species. We investigated the effects of 60-days exposure to end-of-the-century projections for seawater temperature (+ 3 °C) and pCO 2 (+ 500 µatm) on growth, mineralogy, and organic content of shells and scutes in juvenile Tridacna squamosa giant clams. Elevated temperature had no effect on growth rates or organic content, but did increase shell [ 24 Mg]/[ 40 Ca] as well as [ 40 Ca] in newly-formed scutes. Elevated pCO 2 increased shell growth and whole animal mass gain. In addition, we report the first evidence of an effect of elevated pCO 2 on element/Ca ratios in giant clam shells, with significantly increased [ 137 Ba]/[ 40 Ca] in newly-formed shells. Simultaneous exposure to both drivers greatly increased inter-individual variation in mineral concentrations and resulted in reduced shell N-content which may signal the onset of physiological stress. Overall, our results indicate a greater influence of pCO 2 on shell mineralogy in giant clams than previously recognized.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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