Assessing the Effects of Measles Virus Infections on Childhood Infectious Disease Mortality in Brazil.

Autor:	Xia S; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Gullickson CC; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA., Metcalf CJE; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.; Princeton School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA., Grenfell BT; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.; Princeton School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA., Mina MJ; Department of Pathology at Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The Journal of infectious diseases [J Infect Dis] 2022 Dec 28; Vol. 227 (1), pp. 133-140.
DOI:	10.1093/infdis/jiac233
Abstrakt:	Background: Measles virus infection induces acute immunosuppression for weeks following infection, and also impairs preexisting immunological memory, resulting in "immune amnesia" that can last for years. Both mechanisms predispose the host to severe outcomes of subsequent infections. Therefore, measles dynamics could potentially affect the epidemiology of other infectious diseases. Methods: To examine this hypothesis, we analyzed the annual mortality rates of children aged 1-9 years in Brazil from 1980 to 1995. We calculated the correlation between nonmeasles infectious disease mortality rates and measles mortality rates using linear and negative-binomial models, with 3 methods to control the confounding effects of time. We also estimated the duration of measles-induced immunomodulation. Results: The mortality rates of nonmeasles infectious diseases and measles virus infection were highly correlated. This positive correlation remained significant after removing the time trends. We found no evidence of long-term measles immunomodulation beyond 1 year. Conclusions: These results support that measles virus infection could increase the mortality of other infectious diseases. The short lag identified for measles effects (<1 year) implies that acute immunosuppression was potentially driving this effect in Brazil. Overall, our study indicates disproportionate contributions of measles to childhood infectious disease mortality, highlighting the importance of measles vaccination. Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts of interest. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu