Evaluation of a Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Approach to Estimate the Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infections and the Detection of Viral Variants in Disparate Oregon Communities at City and Neighborhood Scales.

Autor: Layton BA; School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University (OSU), Corvallis, Oregon, USA.; Department of Research and Innovation, Clean Water Services, Hillsboro, Oregon, USA., Kaya D; School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University (OSU), Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Kelly C; School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University (OSU), Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Williamson KJ; Department of Research and Innovation, Clean Water Services, Hillsboro, Oregon, USA., Alegre D; Center for Quantitative Life Sciences, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Bachhuber SM; Department of Integrative Biology, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Banwarth PG; Benton County Health Department, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Bethel JW; School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Carter K; Center for Quantitative Life Sciences, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Dalziel BD; Department of Integrative Biology, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.; Department of Mathematics, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Dasenko M; Center for Quantitative Life Sciences, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Geniza M; Center for Quantitative Life Sciences, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., George A; School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University (OSU), Corvallis, Oregon, USA.; Department of Research and Innovation, Clean Water Services, Hillsboro, Oregon, USA., Girard AM; Center for Quantitative Life Sciences, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Haggerty R; College of Science, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Higley KA; School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Hynes DM; Center for Quantitative Life Sciences, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Portland, Oregon, USA.; College of Public Health and Human Sciences, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Lubchenco J; Department of Integrative Biology, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., McLaughlin KR; Department of Statistics, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Nieto FJ; College of Public Health and Human Sciences, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Noakes A; College of Science, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Peterson M; Center for Quantitative Life Sciences, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Piemonti AD; Department of Research and Innovation, Clean Water Services, Hillsboro, Oregon, USA., Sanders JL; Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Tyler BM; Center for Quantitative Life Sciences, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.; Departmehnt of Botany and Plant Pathology, OSU, Corvallis, Oregon, USA., Radniecki TS; School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University (OSU), Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental health perspectives [Environ Health Perspect] 2022 Jun; Vol. 130 (6), pp. 67010. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 29.
DOI: 10.1289/EHP10289
Abstrakt: Background: Positive correlations have been reported between wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations and a community's burden of infection, disease or both. However, previous studies mostly compared wastewater to clinical case counts or nonrepresentative convenience samples, limiting their quantitative potential.
Objectives: This study examined whether wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations could provide better estimations for SARS-CoV-2 community prevalence than reported cases of COVID-19. In addition, this study tested whether wastewater-based epidemiology methods could identify neighborhood-level COVID-19 hotspots and SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Methods: Community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence was estimated from eight randomized door-to-door nasal swab sampling events in six Oregon communities of disparate size, location, and demography over a 10-month period. Simultaneously, wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations were quantified at each community's wastewater treatment plant and from 22 Newport, Oregon, neighborhoods. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was sequenced from all positive wastewater and nasal swab samples. Clinically reported case counts were obtained from the Oregon Health Authority.
Results: Estimated community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence ranged from 8 to 1,687/10,000 persons. Community wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations ranged from 2.9 to 5.1     log 10 gene copies per liter. Wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations were more highly correlated (Pearson's r = 0.96 ; R 2 = 0.91 ) with community prevalence than were clinically reported cases of COVID-19 (Pearson's r = 0.85 ; R 2 = 0.73 ). Monte Carlo simulations indicated that wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations were significantly better than clinically reported cases at estimating prevalence ( p < 0.05 ). In addition, wastewater analyses determined neighborhood-level COVID-19 hot spots and identified SARS-CoV-2 variants (B.1 and B.1.399) at the neighborhood and city scales.
Discussion: The greater reliability of wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations over clinically reported case counts was likely due to systematic biases that affect reported case counts, including variations in access to testing and underreporting of asymptomatic cases. With these advantages, combined with scalability and low costs, wastewater-based epidemiology can be a key component in public health surveillance of COVID-19 and other communicable infections. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10289.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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