Nucleic Acid Preservation Card Surveillance Is Effective for Monitoring Arbovirus Transmission on Crocodile Farms and Provides a One Health Benefit to Northern Australia.

Autor: Kurucz N; Medical Entomology, Centre for Disease Control, Public Health Unit, NT Health, Darwin, NT 0811, Australia., McMahon JL; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia., Warchot A; Medical Entomology, Centre for Disease Control, Public Health Unit, NT Health, Darwin, NT 0811, Australia., Hewitson G; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia., Barcelon J; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia., Moore F; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia., Moran J; Centre for Crocodile Research, Noonamah, NT 0837, Australia., Harrison JJ; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia., Colmant AMG; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia., Staunton KM; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4878, Australia., Ritchie SA; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4878, Australia., Townsend M; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4878, Australia., Steiger DM; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4878, Australia., Hall RA; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.; Australian Infectious Diseases Centre, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia., Isberg SR; Centre for Crocodile Research, Noonamah, NT 0837, Australia., Hall-Mendelin S; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Viruses [Viruses] 2022 Jun 20; Vol. 14 (6). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 20.
DOI: 10.3390/v14061342
Abstrakt: The Kunjin strain of West Nile virus (WNV KUN ) is a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus that can infect farmed saltwater crocodiles in Australia and cause skin lesions that devalue the hides of harvested animals. We implemented a surveillance system using honey-baited nucleic acid preservation cards to monitor WNV KUN and another endemic flavivirus pathogen, Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV), on crocodile farms in northern Australia. The traps were set between February 2018 and July 2020 on three crocodile farms in Darwin (Northern Territory) and one in Cairns (North Queensland) at fortnightly intervals with reduced trapping during the winter months. WNV KUN RNA was detected on all three crocodile farms near Darwin, predominantly between March and May of each year. Two of the NT crocodile farms also yielded the detection of MVE viral RNA sporadically spread between April and November in 2018 and 2020. In contrast, no viral RNA was detected on crocodile farms in Cairns during the entire trapping period. The detection of WNV KUN and MVEV transmission by FTA TM cards on farms in the Northern Territory generally correlated with the detection of their transmission to sentinel chicken flocks in nearby localities around Darwin as part of a separate public health surveillance program. While no isolates of WNV KUN or MVEV were obtained from mosquitoes collected on Darwin crocodile farms immediately following the FTA TM card detections, we did isolate another flavivirus, Kokobera virus (KOKV), from Culex annulirostris mosquitoes. Our studies support the use of the FTA TM card system as a sensitive and accurate method to monitor the transmission of WNV KUN and other arboviruses on crocodile farms to enable the timely implementation of mosquito control measures. Our detection of MVEV transmission and isolation of KOKV from mosquitoes also warrants further investigation of their potential role in causing diseases in crocodiles and highlights a "One Health" issue concerning arbovirus transmission to crocodile farm workers. In this context, the introduction of FTA TM cards onto crocodile farms appears to provide an additional surveillance tool to detect arbovirus transmission in the Darwin region, allowing for a more timely intervention of vector control by relevant authorities.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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