| Autor: |
Mamadalieva NZ; Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan.; Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle, Germany., Hussain H; Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle, Germany., Mollica A; Department of Pharmacy, University 'G. d'Annunzio' of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy., Zengin G; Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey., Mamadalieva RZ; Kokand State Pedagogical Institute, Turon Str. 23, Kokand 713000, Uzbekistan., Elhady SS; Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia., Fadil SA; Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia., Ashour ML; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt., Youssef FS; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt. |
| Abstrakt: |
Ecdysteroids represent arthropods' steroidal hormones, and they exist in about 5-6% of plant species. In this study, the enzyme inhibitory activity of 20 ecdysteroids was assessed for the first time via determining their inhibition versus acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, as well as α-amylase enzymes. Furthermore, 20-Hydroxyecdysone-2,3,22-tri- O -acetate ( 4 ) showed the highest inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase with values of 5.56 and 4.76 mg GALAE/g, respectively. All ecdysteroids displayed tyrosinase inhibitory effects, whereas the most potent was viticosterone E ( 7 ) with 78.88 mg KAE/g. Most ecdysteroids had similar amylase inhibitory properties; meanwhile, the best α-amylase inhibitory potential was observed with viticosterone E-diacetonide ( 18 ) (0.35 mmol ACAE/g). Most of the tested compounds showed tyrosinase inhibitory potential; therefore, they were exposed to molecular docking evaluation using the tyrosinase enzyme. Viticosterone E ( 7 ) showed the best ranking score with a docking score of -5.716 Kcal/mol and made three separate H-bonds with Gly281, Asn81, and His85. From ADMET /TOPKAT in silico evaluation, it was obvious that most of the compounds displayed reasonable pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties; however, their toxicity should be carefully monitored by adjusting their doses while investigating their activity after incorporation into dosage forms. Principal component analysis (PCA) based upon the in vitro and in silico data was carried out to visualize the differences between the tested compounds better. PCA score plot successfully classifies the compounds into four main clusters that, in turn, reflects the similarities and differences among the clustered compounds with respect to their biological, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties that are mainly influenced by the similarity in the chemical structure. Thus, ecdysteroids can act as effective drug entities for alleviating several disorders owing to their enzyme inhibitory potential. |
