| Autor: |
Lee JE; London Health Science Centre-Victoria Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, B8-102, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada., Walton D; Rm. EC1443 School of Physical Therapy, 1201 Western Rd., London, ON N6G 1H1, Canada., O'Connor CP; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College, London, ON N6G 1H2, Canada., Wammes M; London Health Sciences Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Lawson Health Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 860 Richmond Street, FEMAP, London, ON N6A 3H8, Canada., Burton JP; Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada., Osuch EA; London Health Sciences Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Lawson Health Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 860 Richmond Street, FEMAP, London, ON N6A 3H8, Canada. |
| Abstrakt: |
Emerging adulthood (ages 18-25) is a critical period for neurobiological development and the maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Recent findings also suggest that a natural perturbation of the gut microbiota (GM), combined with other factors, may create a unique vulnerability during this period of life. The GM of emerging adults is thought to be simpler, less diverse, and more unstable than either younger or older people. We postulate that this plasticity in the GM suggests a role in the rising mental health issues seen in westernized societies today via the gut-brain-microbiota axis. Studies have paid particular attention to the diversity of the microbiota, the specific function and abundance of bacteria, and the production of metabolites. In this narrative review, we focus specifically on diet, physical activity/exercise, substance use, and sleep in the context of the emerging adult. We propose that this is a crucial period for establishing a stable and more resilient microbiome for optimal health into adulthood. Recommendations will be made about future research into possible behavioral adjustments that may be beneficial to endorse during this critical period to reduce the probability of a "dysbiotic" GM and the emergence and severity of mental health concerns. |
