Uranium: an overview of physicochemical properties, exposure assessment methodologies, and health effects of environmental and occupational exposure.

Autor: Rathod AM; Department of Geoscience and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, 64 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada., Verpaele S; Nickel Institute, Health and Environment Public Policy, Brussels, Belgium., Kelvin M; Department of Geoscience and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada., Sullivan KV; Department of Geoscience and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada., Leybourne MI; Department of Geoscience and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada. m.leybourne@queensu.ca.; Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, 64 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada. m.leybourne@queensu.ca.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental geochemistry and health [Environ Geochem Health] 2023 May; Vol. 45 (5), pp. 1183-1200. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 16.
DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01293-x
Abstrakt: Uranium is chemo- and radiotoxic element which can cause multifactorial health hazards. Natural and anthropogenic uranium contamination raises concerns about potential public health problems. Natural contamination plays a significant role with regard to uranium exposure in the general population, whereas anthropogenic contamination leads to occupational uranium exposure, particularly in nuclear industry workers. In this review, we present a state-of-the-art status concerning uranium-induced health risks with a focus on epidemiological findings of uranium processing and enrichment plant workers. We provide a general overview of physicochemical properties of uranium and analytical methods for measuring or monitoring uranium, describe environmental and occupational exposure scenarios, and discuss the challenges for objectively investigating risks from uranium exposure.
(© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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