| Autor: |
Rosiles-Alanis W; Postgraduate degree programme in Experimental Biology, DCBS, Autonomous Metropolitan University-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico., Zamilpa A; Southern Biomedical Research Center (CIBIS), Mexican Social Security Institute, Xochitepec, Mexico., García-Macedo R; Medical Investigation Unit in Biochemistry, Specialty Hospital, XXI Century National Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico., Zavala-Sánchez MA; Biological Systems Dept., DCBS, Autonomous Metropolitan University-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico., Hidalgo-Figueroa S; CONACyT, IPICYT/Consortium for Research, Innovation and Development for Arid Zones, San Luis Potosí, Mexico., Mora-Ramiro B; Health Science Dept., DCBS, Autonomous Metropolitan University-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico., Román-Ramos R; Health Science Dept., DCBS, Autonomous Metropolitan University-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico., Estrada-Soto SE; Pharmacy Faculty, Autonomous University of the State of Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Almanza-Perez JC; Health Science Dept., DCBS, Autonomous Metropolitan University-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico. |
| Abstrakt: |
Insulin secretion and GLUT4 expression are two critical events in glucose regulation. The receptors G-protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR γ ) modulate these processes, and they represent potential therapeutic targets for new antidiabetic agent's design. Cucurbita ficifolia fruit is used in traditional medicine for diabetes control. Previous studies demonstrated several effects: a hypoglycemic effect mediated by an insulin secretagogue action, antihyperglycemic effect, and promoting liver glycogen storage. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects were also reported. Moreover, some of its phytochemicals have been described, including d-chiro-inositol. However, to understand these effects integrally, other active principles should be investigated. The aim was to perform a chemical fractionation guided by bioassay to isolate and identify other compounds from C. ficifolia fruit that explain its hypoglycemic action as insulin secretagogue, its antihyperglycemic effect by PPAR γ activation, and on liver glycogen storage. Three different preparations of C. ficifolia were tested in vivo . Ethyl acetate fraction derived from aqueous extract showed antihyperglycemic effect in an oral glucose tolerance test and was further fractioned. The insulin secretagogue action was tested in RINm5F cells. For the PPAR γ activation, C2C12 myocytes were treated with the fractions, and GLUT4 mRNA expression was measured. Chemical fractionation resulted in the isolation and identification of β -sitosterol and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA), which increased insulin secretion, GLUT4, PPAR γ , and adiponectin mRNA expression, in addition to an increase in glycogen storage. 4-HBA exhibited an antihyperglycemic effect, while β -sitosterol showed hypoglycemic effect, confirming the wide antidiabetic related results we found in our in vitro models. An in silico study revealed that 4-HBA and β -sitosterol have potential as dual agonists on PPAR γ and GPR40 receptors. Both compounds should be considered in the development of new antidiabetic drug development. |
