Disparity in Built Environment and Its Impacts on Youths' Physical Activity Behaviors During COVID-19 Pandemic Restrictions.

Autor: Gu X; University of Texas at Arlington, 500 W. Nedderman Dr, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA. Xiangli.Gu@uta.edu., Keller J; University of North Texas, 1155 Union Cir, Denton, TX, 76203, USA., Zhang T; University of North Texas, 1155 Union Cir, Denton, TX, 76203, USA., Dempsey DR; Scottish Rite for Children, 2222 Welborn St, Dallas, TX, 75219, USA., Roberts H; Texas Womens University, 304 Administration Dr, Denton, TX, 76204, USA., Jeans KA; Scottish Rite for Children, 2222 Welborn St, Dallas, TX, 75219, USA., Stevens W; Scottish Rite for Children, 2222 Welborn St, Dallas, TX, 75219, USA., Borchard J; Scottish Rite for Children, 2222 Welborn St, Dallas, TX, 75219, USA., VanPelt J; Scottish Rite for Children, 2222 Welborn St, Dallas, TX, 75219, USA., Tulchin-Francis K; Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 700 Children's Drive A2700 T2E, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities [J Racial Ethn Health Disparities] 2023 Aug; Vol. 10 (4), pp. 1549-1559. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 14.
DOI: 10.1007/s40615-022-01341-3
Abstrakt: Objectives: Guided by the social ecological model, this study aimed to examine the relations of built environments (i.e., walking/cycling infrastructure, recreation facilities, neighborhood safety/crime), youth's transition abilities, and changes of youth's physical activity (PA) and play behaviors due to COVID-19-based restrictions. Ethnic and socioeconomic status (SES) disparities were also examined on studies variables during the COVID-19 restrictions.
Method: A cross-sectional research design was used to assess an anonymous online survey completed by US parents/guardians. The final sample had 1324 children and adolescents (Mean age  = 9.75; SD = 3.95; 51.3% girls), and 35.5% the families were of upper socioeconomic class (income > $150,000). Parents reported the perceived built environment and neighborhood safety, child's PA and play behaviors during COVID-19 pandemic shelter-in-place restrictions.
Results: Youths who had access to safe built environment were more active and played more outdoor/indoor (p < .01). It was found playing behavior in yard and neighborhood were significantly increased, but community-based play behavior was significantly reduced during COVID-19 restrictions. The SEM analysis (χ 2 /df = 236.04/54; CFI = .966) supported indirect and direct effects of neighborhood safety on PA changes during COVID-19 restrictions, and the youth's ability to respond to COVID-19 restrictions served as a full mediator. Low-SES and Hispanic minority youth reported significantly less safety to walking or playing in their neighborhoods than their middle-/high-SES non-Hispanic peers (p < .001). Regardless of ethnicity, the magnitude of the reduction of MVPA was significantly higher among low-SES groups than that of the high- and middle-SES groups (p < .001).
Conclusions: These findings demonstrate a need to tailor programs and policies to help high-risk groups (e.g., low SES) stay active, healthy, and resilient during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
(© 2022. W. Montague Cobb-NMA Health Institute.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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