Accommodative movements of the choroid in the optic nerve head region of human eyes, and their relationship to the lens.

Autor: Croft MA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA. Electronic address: macroft@wisc.edu., Peterson J; Diagnostic Imaging Services Lead, UCSF Health, Wayne and Gladys Valley Center for Vision, 490 Illinois St., San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA., Smith C; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA., Kiland J; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA., Nork TM; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA., Mcdonald JP; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA., Katz A; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA., Hetzel S; Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA., Lütjen-Drecoll E; Department of Anatomy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany., Kaufman PL; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Experimental eye research [Exp Eye Res] 2022 Sep; Vol. 222, pp. 109124. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 07.
DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109124
Abstrakt: The ciliary muscle (CM) powers the accommodative response, and during accommodation the CM pulls the choroid forward in the region of the ora serrata. Our goal was to elucidate the accommodative movements of the choroid in the optic nerve region in humans and to determine whether these movements are related to changes in the lens dimensions that occur with aging, in the unaccommodated and accommodated state. Both eyes of 12 human subjects (aged 18-51 yrs) were studied. Homatropine (1 drop/5%) was used to relax the ciliary muscle (unaccommodated or "resting" eye) and pilocarpine was used to induce the maximum accommodative response (2 drops/4%) (accommodated eye). Images of the fundus and choroid were collected in the region of the optic nerve (ON) via Spectralis OCT (infrared and EDI mode), and choroidal thickness was determined. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM; 50 MHz, 35 MHz) images were collected in the region of the lens/capsule and ciliary body. OCT and UBM images were collected in the resting and accommodated state. The unaccommodated choroidal thickness declined significantly with age (p = 0.0073, r = 0.73) over the entire age range of the subjects studied (18-51 years old). The choroidal thickness was significantly negatively correlated with lens thickness in the accommodated (p = 0.01) and the unaccommodated states (p = 0.005); the thicker the lens the thinner the choroid. Choroid movements around the optic nerve during accommodation were statistically significant; during accommodation the choroid both thinned and moved centrifugally (outward/away from the optic nerve head). The accommodative choroid movements did not decline significantly with age and were not correlated with accommodative amplitude. Measurement of the choroidal thickness is possible with the Spectralis OCT instrument using EDI mode and can be used to determine the accommodative changes in choroidal thickness. The choroidal thickness decreased with age and during accommodation. It may be that age-related choroidal thinning is due to changes in the geometry of the accommodative apparatus to which it is attached (i.e., ciliary muscle/lens complex) such that when the lens is thicker, the choroid is thinner. Accommodative decrease in choroidal thickness and stretch of the retina/choroid may indicate stress/strain forces in the region of the optic nerve during accommodation and may have implications for glaucoma.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None.
(Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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